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CC SR 20241001 01 - Landslide Emergency Extension CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: 10/01/2024 AGENDA REPORT AGENDA HEADING: Regular Business AGENDA TITLE: Consideration and possible action on the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex. RECOMMENDED COUNCIL ACTION: (1) Receive and file an update on current conditions, including the City Geologist’s report, in the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex; (2) Review options and provide direction on emergency protective and stabilization measures for the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex; (3) Receive and file a financial report on City expenditures and estimated costs for emergency protective and stabilization measures in response to the acceleration of the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex since October 2022; (4) Accept and approve an appropriation of $5 million pursuant to the Social Program Agreement providing financial assistance related to the Greater Portuguese Bend- Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex from Fourth District Supervisor Janice Hahn of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors; (5) Provide direction on the proposed allocation of the $5 million pursuant to the Social Program Agreement between Los Angeles County and the City: a. Provide $10,000 in individual financial assistance to property owners of residences impacted by the landslide in the Portuguese Bend Community Association including Vanderlip Drive, Seaview, and Portuguese Bend Beach Club as outlined within the geographic boundaries identified in the City Council proclaimed Local Emergency Declaration; and, b. Fund, based on the remaining balance, City-initiated emergency protective and stabilization measures consisting of, but not limited to, public roads, City-owned sewer system in the Portuguese Bend Community Association, dewatering wells, as well as for costs associated with actions to address public safety, health, and transportation conditions created by the Landslide; (6) Review and provide input to two draft questionnaires to be sent to households affected by the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex and indefinite utility shutoffs, and if deemed acceptable, authorize Staff to issue the final questionnaires; (7) Adopt Resolution No. 2024-__, A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, CONTINUING THE LOCAL EMERGENCY DECLARATION AS ESTABLISHED BY RESOLUTION NO. 2023 - 1 47 ADOPTED ON OCTOBER 3, 2023 FOR AN ADDITIONAL 60 DAY PERIOD; and (8) Adopt Resolution No. 2024-__, A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, TO EXTEND THE STATE OF LOCAL EMERGENCY WITHIN THE GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES OF THE PORTUGUESE BEND COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION, PORTUGUESE BEND BEACH CLUB, AND SEAVIEW NEIGHBORHOOD, BASED ON SUDDEN ENERGY SHORTAGES, PLANNED DEENERGIZING EVENTS, AND INTERNET SERVICE SHUT OFFS, AS ESTABLISHED BY RESOLUTIONS NOS. 2024-52 AND 2024-57, FOR AN ADDITIONAL 60 DAYS. FISCAL IMPACT: The Portuguese Bend landslide emergency response is projected to reach approximately $35.3 million (includes $6.1 million unfunded costs incurred and projected for emergency work) from October 2022 through the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. The City Council is also being asked tonight to consider spending up to $20 million for emergency stabilization measures, which could bring the potential overall total of landslide expenditures to $55.3 million. If the City Council selects one or a combination of the proposed options for the emergency stabilization measures, the additional appropriation required in FY 2024-25 ranges between a minimum of $6.1 million and up to $26.1 million. The available funding sources include $5 million from the CIP Fund Emergency Reserve, up to $19 million from the General Fund’s Excess Reserve, $0.5 million from ARPA Fund by reallocating the budget for the Hesse Park Technology Improvement Project, and up to $5 million grant from the Fourth District Supervisor Janice Hahn of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. Additionally, the City has applied for approximately $39.4 million in public assistance and $22 million in individual assistance through the disaster recovery program from FEMA and CalOES, related to the 2024 Winter Storm Event (January 31 to February 9, 2024) and Energy Shutoff. These recovery funds are still in the application stage and are not guaranteed. In fact, the City has been informed by FEMA and CalOES that it is unlikely to be funded because pre-existing landslides are not eligible for disaster recovery pursuant to the Stafford Act. Nevertheless, the City continues to pursue reimbursement. Currently, Staff anticipates that only $1.5 million in public assistance (for the City only) may be eligible. If approved, the reimbursement process may take between one to three years before the City receives the funds. For the $22 million individual assistance that the City submitted on behalf of the affected residents, the City has been notified by CalOES and FEMA that these funds are also not available because individual assistance was not deployed in response to the Winter Storm Event or Energy Shutoffs . The City’s efforts in securing funding assistance from federal, state, and county levels of government are ongoing and Staff will continue to keep the City Council informed on any updates. VR Amount Budgeted: $17,900,000 Additional Appropriation: $5,000,000 (LA County Grant) Remaining additional appropriations are based on the City Council’s options ranging between $6.1 million and $26.1 million 2 Account Number(s): $17,900,0000 (Various Funds and Accounts) (see Table 2 of the staff report for funding sources) (CIP Fund, General Fund, Measure R, Prop C) VR ORIGINATED BY: Ramzi Awwad, Director of Public Works Vina Ramos, Director of Finance VR Brandy Forbes, Director of Community Development Katie Lozano, Open Space Manager REVIEWED BY: Catherine Jun, Deputy City Manager Elena Gerli, City Attorney APPROVED BY: Ara Mihranian, AICP, City Manager ATTACHED SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS: A. Resolution No. 2024-___ Continuing Local Emergency (Page A-1) B. Resolution No. 2024-___ Continuing Local De-energization Emergency (Page B-1) C. Two Draft Voluntary Questionnaires for Residents Affected by the Land Movement and Energy Shutoffs (Page C-1) D. Updated Landslide Map (Page D-1) forthcoming as late correspondence E. Effect of Deep Dewatering Wells on Land Movement (Page E-1) forthcoming as late correspondence F. Landslide Monitoring Survey Report through September 20, 2024 (Page F- 1) G. $5 Million Social Program Agreement between the City of Rancho Palos Verdes and Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors, Fourth District (page G-1). BACKGROUND: On October 3, 2023, the City Council conducted a discussion regarding the conditions of the Greater Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex, sometimes called the Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex (Landslide Complex). After considering information presented that evening, including public testimony, the City Council unanimously adopted Resolution No. 2023-47 declaring the existence of a local emergency within the geographic boundaries of the Landslide Complex and adopted Urgency Ordinance No. 674U to establish a 45- day moratorium on the acceptance or processing of applications, issuance of permits, and construction of all structures within the Landslide Complex (the “Moratorium”). The City Council also requested Staff return in a few weeks with an update on immediate measures being taken to address the accelerated land movement. At subsequent meetings, the City Council received updates on conditions in the Landslide Complex as well as measures underway by various entities to reduce landslide movement . In response, the City Council extended the local emergency on multiple occasions. On March 19, 2024, the City Council approved moving forward with emergency work in the Portuguese Bend Landslide (PBL) consisting of installing two emergency hydrauger 3 systems with five drain arrays each and associated work. On May 7, 2024, the City Council awarded contracts for construction of the emergency hydraugers and associated professional services such as engineering and construction management. The emergency hydraugers were preceded by vertical test boreholes to obtain current underground condition data and confirm models developed from historical studies. This was done to avoid expending significant funds on hydraugers only for them to prove ineffective because they do not target the correct depth or do not extract water due to particular soil conditions. Early in the test borehole process, the City’s geological peer review consultant Cotton, Shires and Associates, Inc. (CSA) suspected the landslide was moving on a deeper slip plane than the shallower, PBL slip plane, based on Global Positioning System (GPS) survey data and field mapping of fissures. Therefore, the vertical test borehole target depths were increased, and additional instrumentation was added. The time spent on the peer review process and on installing the deeper vertical test boreholes has ultimately proven essential to a better understanding of the underground conditions, because they revealed a deeper slip surface (Altamira slip surface) corresponding to a portion of the mapped Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex -Greater Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex, which is moving at a much faster rate than the shallow PBL slip surface. Based on these results, it is also likely that the Klondike Canyon Landslide (KCL) and Abalone Cove Landslide (ACL) are being affected by the deep slip surface. Additionally, the test boreholes confirmed that artesian water pressure is present in the lower reaches of the PBL, and confined water is present within the PBL slide surface and also within and below the Altamira slide surface and the PBL slide surface. This could create artesian pressure on the PBL and Altamira slide surface. The confirmed presence of a deep slip surface where the greatest movement is occurring represented a significant change in conditions and required changing the emergency stabilization strategy. The PBL can no longer be addressed independently of the ACL and KCL as all three slides appear to be moving on the deep slide surface and should therefore be addressed with a unified and coordinated approach. Management of the shallow slide surfaces for each of the landslides remains necessary; however, it should be in the context of the approach to addressing the deep slide surface. This means that hydraugers may still be a feasible component of the ultimate mitigation strategy , but the deep slip surface must be addressed first. The above emergency hydraugers update was provided to the City Council on August 20, 2024, and the City Council directed Staff to consider new alternatives for managing the Landslide Complex. Tonight, the City Council is being asked, among other things, to provide direction on the next steps in management of the Landslide Complex. 4 DISCUSSION: 1. Current Landslide Conditions a. City Geologist Update The Landslide Complex encompasses four historically active landslide areas in the City: the PBL, the ACL, the KCL, and the Beach Club Landslide (BCL). However, it also includes areas outside of the City’s historical boundaries of those known landslides, predominantly uphill from the PBL and ACL, within the Landslide Complex as mapped by various agencies (i.e., U.S. Geological Survey and California Geological Survey) and other researchers. Since the August 20, 2024 update to the City Council, the City Geologist, Mike Phipps of CSA conducted additional field mapping throughout the Landslide Complex; observed conditions at various site-specific locations impacting residential neighborhoods, public infrastructure, and where trails have been impacted; reviewed additional survey and rainfall data; participated in the weekly Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex Working Group meetings; and conducted site-visits to the boreholes being installed in advance of the emergency stabilization measures. The City Geologist is reporting that rainfall and the resulting runoff and infiltration into the Landslide Complex continues to adversely affect the landslide area, following a significantly wetter than average rainy season in 2022-23 and 2023-24; which were approximately 193% and 170% of the season average over the past 67 years of the Rolling Hills Fire Station rain gauge, respectively. Only 0.07 inches of rain has fallen over the past 5 months; therefore, the adverse effects of the season’s rainfall are now manifested as increased groundwater pressures within and beneath the landslide. Recent GPS survey data published by McGee Surveying Consulting for the period August 1, 2024 to September 4, 2024 were reviewed and analyzed. For all points monitored across the entire Landslide Complex, following are the key conclusions over the past month: • Overall average movement velocity decelerated 13%, with a range of 1% acceleration to 27% deceleration. Average movement velocity across the entire Landslide Complex was 8 inches per week as of September 4, 2024. • The ACL (within historical boundaries) decelerated 8% and had indicated land movement of between 2.7 to 4.5 feet over the 34 days. • The greater ACL (within the Greater Landslide Complex boundaries) decelerated approximately 8% and had actual land movement of between 2.5 to 4.75 feet over the 34 days. • The PBL decelerated approximately 14.4% and had indicated land movement of between approximately 3.25 to 4.6 feet over the past 34 days. • The KCL decelerated about 15% and had indicated land movement of between 0.5 to 3.1 feet over the past month. • New points established on the beach at Portuguese Bend Beach Club (PBBC) in April have risen nearly 6 feet vertically since they were established. 5 • The Burma Road switchback points moved about 2.5 to 3.0 inches in the southwest direction over the 34 days and are exhibiting slightly accelerating creep movement. • Perimeter points that have been historically stable are not moving, indicating that the areas outside the mapped landslide boundaries are currently unchanged. • Recently, new points were established on Schooner Drive in the Seaview neighborhood to assess and affirm the limits of the Landslide Complex. No ground movement has been detected with these points. Recent land movement rates (velocities) in the Landslide Complex remain approximately 6 to 10 inches per week in the ACL, 8 to 11 inches per week in the PBL, and 2 to 7 inches per week in the KCL. Attachment D presents the GPS monitoring data graphically. Figure 1 of Attachment D presents scaled, incremental displacements and movement vectors since May 28, 2024. Figure 2 of Attachment D presents scaled displacement rates (i.e., movement velocities) and vectors, and a contour map (aka “heat map”) of displacement rates for the current August 1 through September 4, 2024 monitoring period. Figure 3 of Attachment D depicts the change in acceleration or deceleration of the movement as a contour map (aka “heat map”). The greener areas indicate areas of deceleration and the redder areas indicate areas of acceleration of the surface survey monuments. The entire map area is now green, indicating that the entire Landslide Complex is decelerating. The largest decelerations are noted to be in the lower portion of the PBL and middle portion of the KCL. The data continue to show that the middle of the overall Landslide Complex is moving the fastest, at up to about 11 inches per week. The significant and unprecedented change in movement behavior from historical movements of the PBL and ACL continues. The entire active Landslide Complex (area of major land movement now evident at the ground surface) continues to represent an expansion of the combined historical boundaries of the ACL/PBL/KCL of about 380 acres to an estimated 700 acres in size within the Landslide Complex. In addition, creep movement of about 0.55 inches per week is occurring directly above the area of major land movement in the area of the Burma Road switchbacks, generally between Kelvin Canyon and Portuguese Canyon. This comprises an area of approximately 73 acres. Creep movement up to 0.70 inches per week has also been reported in Rolling Hills, affecting multiple properties on Cinchring Road and Quail Ridge Road . This new land movement is occurring in an area predominantly underlain by previously mapped ancient landslide deposits. Based on review of GPS monitoring data shared by Rolling Hills and recent field mapping, the upper limit of the new movement in Rolling Hills appears to cross upper Altamira Canyon and may be connected to the creep movement in the area of the upper Burma Road switchbacks. The City Geologist is continuing to evaluate this area, including its possible connection to the major land movement that has been occurring downslope. Landslide movement within the Landslide Complex continues to manifest at the ground surface in the form of scarps, fissures, grabens/sinkholes, tensional cracking, shear zones and thrust features. Due to the continued movement of the landslide, the ground movement features have continued to enlarge, expand, widen, or grow depending on the type of feature and location. 6 The eastern landslide boundary of the KCL continues to manifest on Admirable Drive and Exultant Drive; however, the boundaries remain consistent with historical mapping of the KCL and the location of a pre-development infilled drainage course that is believed to define the easterly limit of prehistoric landsliding (new data points have been installed to affirm this statement). Movement along the westerly boundary of the active Landslide Complex in the ACL area through the Wayfarer’s Chapel property appears to be daylighting through the slope between Wayfarer’s Chapel and the westbound lanes of Palos Verdes Drive South. Solutions to protect roadway from sloughing landslide debris are continuing to be evaluated by the City Geologist. The PBBC area continues to experience major deformation along Seawall Road and bulging/uplift on the order of nearly 6 feet across the beach on an east-west trend. This deformation continues offshore into the PBL area based on continuing emergence of land above sea level in the surf zone and nearshore zone at the southeasterly toe of the PBL. In this area, the seafloor has uplifted above mean sea level up to approximately 450 feet south of the former foreshore slope of the beach. The oceanward limit of this uplift is believed to represent the toe of the deeper slip plane (i.e., Altamira Landslide). Road conditions on Palos Verdes Drive South (PVDS) across the lower landslide complex continue to be adversely impacted due to differential rates of land movement currently ranging from about 2 to 7 inches/week across the KCL, 8-11 inches per week across the PBL, and 6-8 inches per week across the ACL. In summary, the average movement velocity for the Altamira Landslide Complex has now decelerated 13%; however, the identified areas of landslide movement are now moving approximately 80 times faster than in October 2022. The land movement continues to severely impact trails and open space areas, public and private roads, private property including hundreds of residential structures, and utility infrastructure. The City Geologist will be attending the October 1 meeting to provide the City Council and public with an updated report since the August 20 meeting. b. Current Palos Verdes Nature Preserve Trail Conditions and Beach Closures Large parts of the Palos Verdes Nature Preserve (Preserve) are located within the Landslide Complex, specifically, the Portuguese Bend Reserve, Abalone Cove Reserve, and parts of the Forrestal and Filiorum Reserves. Many of these areas continue to see substantial landslide-related damage including fissures, rockslides, sink holes, unstable trails, and large-scale erosion. Within the Portuguese Bend Reserve, land movement has obliterated most of Burma Road Trail, which is no longer accessible by vehicle or safely passable by the public. Numerous other damaged trails within Portuguese Bend Reserve continue to experience increased damage and elevation changes and further widening of fissures. Since the last landslide update, the City has closed nearly all trails within the Abalone Cove Reserve, Sacred Cove, and Abalone Cove Beaches due to unsustainable unstable trails and changing conditions on the beach. A significant amount of new damage, in the 7 form of a 20-30 foot escarpment, has also been observed on the closed segment of Pony Trail at the Ford Trail intersection in the Filiorum Reserve. Out of concern for public safety and in consultation with the City Geologist, the City Manager has temporarily closed large areas of the Preserve consisting of approximately 11 miles of passive recreation trails. The City Manager has also closed Abalone Cove and Sacred Cove Beaches in coordination with the City Geologist, Los Angeles County Lifeguards, and the California Coastal Commission. Staff continue to monitor these and other areas, and extensive repairs will likely be needed before these trails can be reopened for public use after the area has been stabilized. c. Natural Gas Utility On July 29, 2024, Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas) shut off natural gas to the PBCA; stating that engineers determined the system could no longer be safely operated due to a confluence of issues such as excessive breaks, lines suspended in the air, and swing joints in tension. On August 30 and September 6, 2024, SoCalGas shut off natural gas to the part of the Seaview neighborhood affected by land movement for the same reasons noted above. On August 2, 2024, SoCalGas began installing isolation valves to create multiple shut-off points, so that if service needs to be shut off for a short-term repair or for long-term reasons, the number of homes impacted would be significantly reduced. The installation is now complete, separating homes west of Schooner Drive from those east of Schooner Drive, and separating the gas lines west of Schooner on a street-by-street basis. On September 6, 2024, SoCalGas shut off natural gas to the PBBC community for the same reasons noted above. SoCalGas has stated that re-routing gas lines supplying the neighborhoods experiencing shutoffs would not resolve the problems with the system within the neighborhood. d. Electricity On August 31, 2024, Southern California Edison (SCE) notified 193 metered accounts (which equates to approximately 140 households and 53 business or city accounts) in the PBCA that power will be turned off to their property on September 1, 2024 for an indefinite period of time. SCE stated that the accounts will not be reenergized until land movement is controlled to a level acceptable to SCE, without specifying the threshold of land movement. The power shut off not only affects residents in the PBCA, but also the ability to power the City’s sewer system in the area and the ACLAD’s dewatering wells. On August 31, 2024, the City issued an evacuation warning for the properties affected due to public health concerns if the City’s sewer system would be deemed inoperable. The City has since partnered with residents to install generators to keep the sewer system operable. SCE issued a further notice that on September 2, 2024 at approximately 7:00 p.m. homes in the Seaview neighborhood would be subject to the following service shut -offs: 75 properties will be deenergized for varying hours ranging from 24 hours to 1-3 weeks while 8 a box loop is constructed and 30 properties will be deenergized indefinitely. This was done to prevent the risk of wildfires from equipment damaged by the land movement. On September 9, 2024, SCE restored power to the 38 properties that had been planned to be without electricity for 1-3 weeks. At this time, 30 properties remain without electricity in Seaview. In light of these expanding shutoffs, the City hired consulting firm Transtech Engineers, Inc. (Transtech) to investigate and develop potential alternative energy solutions. This initiative aims to identify viable solutions that will reduce reliance on conventional energy sources and improve the overall energy security for the impacted areas. Transtech has been in communication with fourteen vendors offering various types of distributed energy resources (DERs). DERs are renewable energy systems typically installed at homes or businesses to provide on-site power, where the electricity is generated or managed ‘behind’ the electricity meter in the home or business. Common examples of DERs include rooftop photovoltaic (solar) units, battery storage, thermal energy storage, electric vehicles and chargers, smart meters, and home energy management technologies. These technologies come with costs for homeowners/business owners, which can vary depending on the type of technology, electricity demand, and usage. Table 1 below summarizes the DER options Transtech explored and discussed with the various vendors. Table 1- Alternative Energy Options and Approximate Costs Energy Technology Type Approximate Cost Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) independent from the grid and connected directly to a house or business. $20,000 - $30,000 p/unit* Roof top photovoltaic (solar) system and battery back-up. $30,000- $45,000** Solar + Battery Backup + Propane Generator $30,000 -$45,000+ Portable Generators (various fuel types) Varies Electric Vehicle (EV) Technology - Bi-directional charging. Varies * Costs are approximate and vary on a case-by-case basis, depending on many factors such as time of use, demand, and usage levels. ** Possible State and Federal rebates or tax credits. Some solar installers offer financing. *** Rebates and incentives for over various generators can be found on SCE’s website at https://www.sce.com/residential/rebates-savings/rebates Battery Energy Storage System (BESS): Several vendors offer a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), which is a device that stores energy from renewable and non-renewable sources, and then releases it when needed. While the core components of a BESS are the blocks formed by the batteries, other key elements are also included. These include an inverter, w hich converts direct current (DC) from the batteries to alternating current (AC) and vice versa; a transformer to adjust the system's voltage to match the grid; and auxiliary systems (particularly for cooling). This technology in some cases would require the vendor to follow SCE’s interconnection guidelines. 9 A BESS system can also be installed off the grid as stand-alone product that provides a direct electrical feed to houses or businesses. BESS units are typically mounted on a 40’x8’ or smaller trailer (for mobility and ease of relocation) placed on site. Cables run above ground or on the ground to either a single home or multiple homes and a BESS is sized based on load demand. Batteries in the BESS unit are typically charged with roof mounted solar panels. Roof Top Solar with Battery Storage: Rooftop solar with battery storage is a combination of solar panels and a battery that stores solar energy for later use. This system allows homeowners to use solar energy at night, during power outages, or when the sun is not out. The number of solar panels needed for a home depends on many factors, including energy usage, how much sun the home gets, local climate, the size of the available roof surface, and the efficiency of the solar panels. Part of a roof top solar system may be a solar battery. Solar batteries store the excess energy that solar panels generate on extra sunny days for use during at a later time. A generator can also be added as a backup option when the solar battery runs out of power. The cost of installing a rooftop solar panel system with a battery storage solution can vary significantly based on several factors. One of the main variables influencing cost is the size of the solar panel system (measured in kilowatts, kW) and the capacity of the battery (measured in kilowatt-hours, kWh). A typical residential solar system might range from 5 kW to 10 kW, while battery systems can range from 5 kWh to 15 kWh or more. Another key variable is the number of solar panels needed, which depends on many factors, including energy usage; how much sun the home receives; local climate; the size of the available roof surface; and the efficiency of the solar panels. Additionally, the type of equipment significantly affects price with certain brands coming with a higher initial cost but often offering better performance and warranties. Furthermore, the complexity of installation influences the price and depends on the roof type. There may be applicable incentives such as tax credits, rebates, or financing options that can significantly reduce the upfront costs. For example, in the U.S., the federal solar tax credit (ITC) allows homeowners to deduct a percentage of the installation costs from their federal taxes. It is advisable to get quotes from multiple local solar providers to get a more accurate estimate based on the homeowner specific situation and to explore available incentives. Tesla has proposed roof top solar with battery storage via financing that is backed by the City. This would require an agreement between the City and Tesla whereby the City would pay off the roof top solar with battery storage for a home that is red -tagged or otherwise defaults on the financing. Solar, Battery Backup & Propane Generator: To be doubly prepared for power outages, homeowners can have both roof top solar with battery storage and a backup generator. However, the generator and the solar battery cannot run at the same time. When an outage occurs, the battery will kick in first and operate until it runs out of power. Once the battery shuts off, the generator will take over. 10 Portable Generators: Portable generators are versatile internal combustion engines that supply temporary electrical power during an outage. The primary function of a portable generator is converting fuel – usually gasoline, diesel, or propane - into electricity using an internal combustion engine. This generated electricity can then power essential home appliances like refrigerators, air conditioners, or other appliances. Portable generators offer several advantages and disadvantages. The table below provides an overview of these pros and cons. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES Provides temporary or remote electric power during emergencies and outages that is portable and easy to transport Can be hazardous to health and safety and cause damage to electrical systems if not installed or used safely; fuel costs and storage can be prohibitive. Available in various sizes and types to meet different needs Some models can be noisy Electric Vehicle Bi-Directional Charging: Some electric vehicles (EVs) can be charged like normal, but also have the capability to reverse the flow of energy. This allows the stored energy in the EV's battery to be used to power a home. Microgrids: The feasibility of establishing a microgrid was investigated. A microgrid is a small-scale power system that can operate independently or in connection with the main power grid. Microgrids can be used to provide power to a specific area, such as a neighborhood. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) defines the microgrid as ‘‘a group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources within clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid. A microgrid can connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island-mode.” One of the key components of a microgrid is power generation. This can be accomplished by either obtaining power from a large-scale power generation facility such as a powerplant or solar farm, or by producing power locally with a local solar farm. Producing power locally does not appear to be a viable option for the City because there is inadequate physical space to produce sufficient power for the neighborhoods affected by land movement. The other key component of a microgrid is power distribution. Power can be distributed using existing power poles and lines or through the installation of new power lines. The use of existing power poles is not a viable option at this time because SCE will not allow the City to use its power poles and lines. 11 Alternative Energy Next Steps: City-sponsored electricity solutions do not appear viable at this time for the reasons described above. The most feasible path forward is likely individual structure -level roof top solar, battery backup, and/or generators. Given the current land movement and the uncertainty of when stabilization will occur, homeowners and business owners must consider potential structural impacts to their properties before investing in energy technologies, as each option comes with associated costs. All referenced energy technologies are readily available, but it’s essential for each homeowner and business owner to conduct their own research to determine which technology best suits their specific needs. Before installing a backup generator that will be connected to a home or business electrical system, owners must obtain a City permit (fees waived) and notify SCE of the location of the generator by completing and submitting an application for interconnection to SCE according to California Health and Safety Code Section 119085 (b). This is because a generator may push power into any wires connected to the house, including the wires coming in through the meter. This is called “backfeed” and creates a dangero us situation. Any electrical workers performing work on a line with backfeed will not know there is power in the line and may be injured or lose their lives. If a line with backfeed breaks and falls to the ground, it can also start fires or electrocute an yone that comes near the line. The City has requested SCE explore alternative means to re -energize the affected neighborhoods until electricity can been restored. The information provided in this report is being shared with SCE for their consideration as the City’s energy provider. e. Sanitary Sewer The sanitary sewer system in the PBCA is known as the Abalone Cove Sanitary Sewer System and is owned, maintained, and operated by the City. The system includes grinder pumps that pump wastewater from individual buildings to the main sewer lines at approximately 40 locations where buildings are at a lower grade than the main sewer lines, requiring pumping to overcome the grade . The system also includes four pump stations that receive wastewater from low-lying areas and pump it up to higher elevations where it can continue to flow via gravity. The grinder pumps and pump stations require power to operate. When the electric power was shut off to the PBCA on September 1, 2024; the grinder pumps and three pump stations could no longer operate without an alternate power source such as generators (the fourth lift station is located outside the de-energized area). This could have resulted in a requirement to yellow tag the homes in PBCA in accordance with Los Angeles County requirements. That same day, members of the PBCA offered to loan the City three generators for the pump stations, allowing the pump stations to remain operational with the City providing assistance with power connections. As soon as businesses opened on September 3, 2024 (after the Labor Day holiday), the Public Works Department ordered generators for all homes with grinder pumps. These grinder pumps became available to be loaned to residents on September 8, 2024, but only after 12 generators had been loaned to the ACLAD to continue to operate the dewatering well pumps. The generators were loaned with an agreement requiring , among other things, professional installation. On September 9, 2024, the City acquired its own generators for the pump stations and installed them to replace the ones provided earlier by residents. At the time of publication of this staff report, 9 grinder pump generators have been loaned to residents. Crews continue to regularly inspect the sewer lines and make repairs as breaks are identified through inspections or resident notification. Parts of the system have been brought above ground and have had flexible components installed. Engineers continue to evaluate the system to determine where additional sections need to be brought above ground or otherwise modified. The sanitary sewer system in the Seaview neighborhood is maintained and operated by the Los Angeles County Public Works (LACPW), which has been inspecting the sewer system in areas affected by the landslide and performing repairs when needed. The underground sanitary sewer main line on Dauntless Drive in the vicinity of a fissure at the intersection with Exultant Drive was most recently repaired on August 2, 2024. Since that time, it is being inspected daily and minor adjustments have been made to prevent further breaks. The underground sanitary sewer line at the fissure on Exultant Drive was most recently repaired on September 3, 2024 and is being inspected daily since that time. The underground sanitary sewer line at the fissure on the Palos Verdes Drive South (PVDS) service road was most recently repaired on September 12, 2024 and is being inspected daily since that time. Repairs to the underground sanitary sewer line at the fissure on Admirable Drive were started on September 23, 2024 and are expected to be completed within one to two weeks, after which the sewer will be inspected on a daily. The sanitary sewer system in the PBBC is privately owned, operated, and maintained and discharges into the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts (LA CSD) sewer trunk line on PVDS. LACSD have been coordinating with the PBBC, so that the sewer line integrity is maintained. It should be noted that this sanitary sewer system is also powered by SCE. f. Water Utility Cal Water continues to install above ground water lines to minimize the risk of breaks associated with land movement and have indicated that they have no intention or plan to shutoff service especially for wildfire purposes. Cal Water completed installation of the above ground water line on Exultant Drive and began servicing residents on September 9, 2024. At Admirable Drive, construction of the above ground water line is complete, but Cal Water must pressure test the line and sample the water before it is cleared for service. This line is expected to be in service by September 30, 2024. Exhibit 1 on the next page shows the locations of these water lines. 13 Exhibit 1: Additional Water Main Moving Above Ground in the Seaview Neighborhood Along PVDS, construction of the above ground water line is complete, but Cal Water must pressure test the line and sample the water before it is cleared for service. Exhibit 2 on the next page shows the location of this water lines. 14 Exhibit 2: Additional Water Main Moving Above Ground Along PVDS Near Yacht Harbor Drive Cal Water is continuing to bring water lines above ground in the PBCA and PBC. Along Figtree Road, the line was successfully brought above ground and has been servicing residents as of September 9, 2024. The City continues to work with Cal Water to expedite above grounding projects. g. Communications Utilities There are two providers of communications infrastructure in the Landslide Complex area, Cox Communications and Frontier Communications. On September 9, 2024, Cox Communications disconnected 146 customers in the PBCA. Frontier Communications has indicated to the City that they will keep their facilities operational so long as they have power supply. Crown Castle provides infrastructure for wireless carriers servicing the City, including in the landslide area. Staff had been working with Crown Castle to identify infrastructure at risk of land movement so that it can be made more reliable or relocated. Additionally, Staff had been working with Crown Castle to install additional wireless infrastructure to provide additional capacity and redundancy. During various discussions, it became apparent to Staff that Crown Castle was not planning on taking any specific action in the short term to improve resiliency to land movement, increase capacity, or improve redundancy. Staff also reached out directly to wireless carriers Verizon and AT&T to discuss improvements to wireless services in the landslide area. The discussions have been 15 ongoing for the past several weeks. The carriers have indicated that they do not plan to install Cell on Wheels facilities (COWs) expressing financial concerns. At this time, it is not clear if the wireless carriers will implement specific measures to improve services in the landslide area. The carriers stated that installation of wireless service improvements is a business decision whereby the cost of installing such improvements is considered against customer density. It appears that installing improvements in higher density communities is more profitable for wireless carriers and therefore more likely to be prioritized. h. Building Division Programs and Permitting Mandatory Water Restrictions in Landslide Area: Due to the continued local landslide emergency, the City continues to strongly recommend that property owners in the Landslide Complex turn off sprinkler/irrigation watering systems for the foreseeable future to minimize additional water being absorbed into the ground in the vicinity. Additionally, for those properties with swimming pools, if there is more water loss than occurs due to evaporation, the property owner is being asked to consider refraining from refilling the pools and consider emptying the pool to prevent water entering the ground. A Mandatory Restrictions notice was initially issued in October 2023 with information on pool draining. This notice is not intended to be punitive but to achieve voluntary compliance and provide guidance to residents. Building Inspections in Landslide Area: Building & Safety Division Staff continue to proactively conduct windshield inspections of the residential neighborhoods (PBC, Seaview, and PBCA) within the Landslide Complex multiple times per week to monitor conditions, particularly structures. Staff have also visited commercial/institutional sites to evaluate the safety of the structures. The National Historic Registered Wayfarers Chapel experience d significant damage due to land movement. The Chapel has been de-constructed and preserved so that it can be re-constructed when the land movement can be stabilized or moved to another location. The City continues to work with Chapel representatives in an effort to keep this landmark in Rancho Palos Verdes. The administration building on the Wayfarers Campus was red- tagged due to structural damage sustained by the ongoing land movement and has been demolished. To date, the City’s Building Official has red-tagged two homes in the Seaview neighborhood. The property owners of those homes are being notified that the condition of the structures is at a point that warrants demolition. An additional two homes in the Seaview neighborhood and one home in the PBCA were yellow-tagged, allowing for limited access to the portions of the homes that are still habitable. In recent weeks and months, safety concerns have been raised regarding the structural integrity of some buildings and homes due to the accelerated rate of land movement. In response, the City is offering an inspection process. 16 In early August 2024, the Building & Safety Division conducted a windshield inspection of homes within the landslide complex to identify potential damage or structural stress. The windshield inspection focused on signs of structural stress or damage to existing structures that are readily apparent. The City issued an advisory letter to those homeowners where there were signs of structural stress, recommending that they schedule a voluntary inspection with the Building & Safety Division, noting that the sooner they are able to take protective measures, the easier it may be to minimize structural damage. Where signs of damage or structural stress are evident, the City’s Building & Safety Division will work with those homeowners to identify strategies to save structural integrity and prevent further damage, with public health and safety being top priority. An inspection may necessitate consideration of repairs to maintain structural integrity. Some examples of what we would look for and want to help residents address are: • foundation problems • inadequate egress • insufficient or blocked exits • severe structural damage • utility failures • fire damage • gas leaks or lack of critical utilities There may be more extreme situations where a portion of the home remains habitable and accessible to the homeowner and only the area of concern would be restricted from use until repaired. The City wants to work with homeowners to find solutions on a case by case basis to shore up structures for safe habitation Urgency Ordinance for Temporary Repairs and Housing on Private Property: Pursuant to City Council direction on July 2, 2024 responding to public concerns regarding the land movement’s impacts on residences, City Staff explored options for interim housing solutions within the Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex. Examples of hardening and stabilizing solutions to preserve existing structures may include, but are not limited to, placing homes on cargo structures and other leveling systems such as I-beams and installing alternative foundation systems to help maintain the integrity of the structure as the land shifts. These measures would be temporary, require a permit to be issued by the Building and Safety Division, and need the owner to hold the City harmless. The structure could be occupied if it has adequate ingre ss/egress, utility connections and service, and fire department access. For temporary housing, this may include temporary structures such as mobile homes that would not require a foundation. The temporary housing would be on the same site as the current residence. These structures would be temporary and require a permit issued by Building and Safety Division and need the owner to hold the City harmless. The temporary housing would require a stable location (City Geologist’s review), adequate 17 ingress/egress, above ground utility connections and service, fire department access, and no major filling. All temporary housing and storage, as well as stabilizing solutions to shore up existing structures, may be utilized within the Landslide Complex until December 31, 2026, unless extended by the City Council. All temporary measures must be approved by the City’s Building Official to ensure safety. On September 3, 2024, City Council adopted an Urgency Ordinance establishing regulations and procedures to install temporary measures to preserve existing structures and to authorize temporary housing on the same site as an existing residence within the Landslide Complex. Staff is working collaboratively with the community to preserve existing structures within the Landslide Complex and consider potential options for temporary housing. All permit fees are being waived. Utility Conversion Education and Permitting: Due to the recent de-energization to many homes in the landslide complex by the utility companies, the City’s Community Development Department prepared informational handouts related to energy conversion. • The Alternatives for Natural Gas Service handout outlines alternatives for natural gas service to continue serving key home appliances and equipment including, but not limited to, stoves, furnaces and water heaters. The handout also provides requirements for permit issuance and inspections. • The Solar Energy Systems handout highlights the City’s solar energy submittal and permit requirements, which include online permitting and expedited plan review. The handouts have been made available to area residents, posted on the City’s website and placed at the Building & Safety Division public counter. • The Community Development Department also prepared an information handout related to the safe installation of generators. Waiver of Permit and Application Fees: The City is waiving all permit fees and is waiving the planning process for the above energy conversions with the understanding that the permits are being issued during the duration of the City’s declared local state of emergency. The City has the ability waive any permit or application fees associated with the proposed reconstruction of a building or other structure that has been damaged or destroyed by a landslide (see Rancho Palos Verdes Municipal Code ((RPVMC)) below). The applicant does need to demonstrate that these fees are not covered by the applicant’s homeowners’ insurance policy. At this time, they would still have to pay the City’s consultant review fees (geologist, plan check), but City Staff are waiving permit and application fees as applicable, based on the following: 18 RPVMC 17.78.010 F. Any permit or application fees (excluding city consultant review fees) associated with the proposed reconstruction of a building or other structure (or portion thereof) that has been damaged or destroyed by fire, earthquake, landslide or an involuntary act of the property owner shall be waived, provided that the rebuilt building or structure is no more than 250 square feet larger than it was prior to the damage or destruction, and provided that the applicant can demonstrate that said fees are not covered by the applicant's homeowners' insurance policy. In the event that three or more properties are affected by any single incident, the city council may, in its discretion: 1. Grant a fee waiver without making the findings specified in subsection (B) of this section; or 2. Deny the waiver in its entirety or grant only a partial waiver, based upon a finding of adverse fiscal impact to the city. These are applications/permits that would fall under Exceptions A or C of the moratorium in Urgency Ordinance 686U (moratorium described below). The City is documenting these exceptions in the permit tracking software and referencing this section of code when waiving the permit/application fees. In addition to waiving fees where applicable, Staff are expediting application and permit processing for these temporary measures. Moratorium Exception and Waiver of Statement from Geotechnical Consultant: On October 3, 2023, the City Council, pursuant to the RPVMC Chapter 2.24 and Government Code § 8630 and § 8680.9, proclaimed a state of local emergency within the Landslide Complex. In the event of a proclamation of local emergency, the City Manager, as Director of Emergency Services, is empowered to make and issue rules and regulations on matters reasonably related to the protection of life and property as affected by such emergency, provided such rules and regulations must be confirmed at the earliest practicable time by the City Council. On October 3, 2023, the City Council further adopted Interim Urgency Ordinance No. 674U, approving a moratorium on all construction in the Landslide Complex, renewed the moratorium by adopting Interim Urgency Ordinance 675U on November 14, 2023 , and further renewed the moratorium by adopting Urgency Ordinance 686U on September 3, 2024 (the “Moratorium”). The Moratorium will expire on October 2, 2025. Subject to certain exceptions, “during the effective period of [the moratorium], no application for permit will be accepted, no consideration of any application for any permit will be made, and no permit will be issued by the City for any construction on any property within the Landslide Complex until this Ordinance has expired or has been repealed according to applicable law.” Emergency structural and foundation repairs to a home impacted by the significant land movement qualify under the Exception A category set forth in Section 2 of the Moratorium (“Exception A”). This Exception is for “[c]onstruction necessary for repair or m aintenance of existing structures, roadways, and any infrastructure such as water lines, sewer lines, electrical or traffic installations, etc.” 19 Chapter 15.20 of the RPVMC provides that certain building permits require the applicant to obtain a geologist report. Based on the speed of land movement, however, no such geologist report can be obtained. Thus, in order to move forward with temporary repa irs, a waiver of this requirement is necessary. The City Manager, through his authority under RPVMC 2.24.060 and Resolution No. 2023-47, as renewed, has authorized waivers for the required geologist reports for these emergency repairs qualifying under Exception A of the Moratorium, due to the significant land movement and that these repairs are for temporary emergency repairs. Staff are requiring that the applicant acknowledges that these repairs are for temporary repairs during the significant land movement and are being approved under emergency conditions. The property owner must agree to hold the City harmless, and recognize that once the emergency is lifted, the temporary foundation or structural repairs may need to be replaced with permanent repairs and a statement from the geotechnical consultant. The applicant is also required to sign a waiver acknowledgement form. On July 2, 2024, the City Council confirmed the City Manager’s action as Director of Emergency Services to waive the requirement of applicants of permits for emergency repairs to obtain a statement from the geotechnical consultants. Staff recommends receiving and filing this update on current conditions, including the City Geologist’s report, in the Greater Portuguese Bend -Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex 2. Options for Emergency Protective and Stabilization Measures Deep Dewatering Wells On May 7, 2024, the City Council approved contracts for installing two emergency hydrauger systems with five drain arrays each in the PBL, preceded by vertical test boreholes to better understand underground conditions and establish the specific locations of the hydraugers and their drains. The vertical test boreholes provided essential data for the project because they confirmed the existence of a deeper slide plane , at approximately 245 to 345 feet below ground surface at the test borehole locations, corresponding to a portion of the mapped Landslide Complex. The deeper slide surface was found to be moving at a much faster rate than the shallower slide surface. Additionally, the test boreholes confirmed highly pressurized water conditions within and below the deeper slide surface as well as below the shallower slide. The confirmed presence of a deep slip surface where the greatest movement is occurring represented a significant change in conditions and required changing the emergency stabilization strategy in response to the new information. Accordingly, on August 20, 2024, the City Council authorized alternative solutions including deep dewatering wells (DDWs). Installation of the first deep dewatering well, DDW1, began on September 10, 2024 after completing the necessary advanced vertical boreholes. DDW1 became operational and 20 began extracting water on September 13, 2024. One of the key unknowns for the DDW program was how easily water would move through the soil and rock so that it could be pumped up by DDWs. The nearly immediate productivity of DDW1 indicated that soil conditions were suitable for water extraction. This meant that expending resources on additional DDWs in the area was likely to also result in additional water extraction and decrease in water pressure beneath the slide. Therefore, the plan to drill additional DDWs was accelerated. DDW2, DDW3, DDW4, and DDW5 became operational and began extracting water on September 17, 2024, September 21, 2024, September 21, 2024, and September 25, 2024; respectively. At the time of publication of this staff report, DDW1 through DDW5 are pumping nearly 600 gallons per minute, or nearly 850,000 million gallons per day. DDW6 installation is in progress and it is expected to begin extracting water on by October 1, 2024. Additionally, installation of test boreholes in advance of DDW7 and DDW8 is expected to begin on September 30, 2024. Figure 1 below shows the location of the DDWs. Figure 1: Test Boreholes, Deep Dewatering Wells, and Piezometer Monitoring Wells To collect data on the reduction in water pressure resulting from the DDW program, which helps quantify results and plan future DDWs, boreholes with piezometer instruments measuring water pressure (P1 through P3) are being installed as shown in Figure 1. The results of water pressure readings at P1 show that there is an ongoing reduction in water pressure. Additional boreholes with piezometers are planned for DDW7 and DDW8. To supplement subsurface data and further assess the effectiveness of the DDW program, additional Global Positioning System (GPS) monitoring points were installed in the vicinity of the DDWs to collect data measuring the effect of the DDW program on land 21 movement in comparison to general landslide movement. The additional points were measured on September 4, 2024 to establish a baseline rate of movement. The rate of land movement at those nearby points and at select other points was again measured on September 20, 2024. In general, the rate of movement throughout the Landslide Complex has decreased over the summer months on the order of 10% to 20% from the rates experienced in the spring months. In the vicinity of the DDWs, the rate of movement has decreased a further 10% to 20% for the period between September 4, 2024 and September 20, 2024. There appears to be a strong correlation between water extraction (which began with one DDW on September 13, 2024), a reduction in water pressure, and a decrease in the rate of surface movement; which is very encouraging even though it is based on one data set thus far. The GPS survey data for nearby points will be collected on a weekly basis to continue to monitor this trend. (Attachment E) The project team expected DDW1 to shear within one week due to the rate of movement of the deep slide. However, at the time of publication of this staff report, 12 days after installation, DDW1 had not yet sheared. This further confirms the apparent effectiveness of the DDW program. Each DDW is still expected to shear at some point, and will need to be redrilled below the deep slip plane to continue pumping water from the deeper zone (water from the shallower slip plane is being pumped as well). The DDWs are being monitored and plans are in place to re-drill them as they shear. The early results of the DDW program exceeded the project team’s expectations , which presents an opportunity to expand the DDW program, depending on available funding and cross-jurisdictional cooperation. The City Council may consider one or more next steps as described below. There are significant costs to installing and maintaining DDWs, including re-drilling of wells as they shear. The costs are presented for a three -month period with an assumption of how often each DDW will need to be re -drilled based on anticipated rates of movement. It is possible that the costs could be less if the DDWs are more successful than anticipated and therefore need to be drilled less freq uently. Staff is presenting the costs over a three-month period, after which the program should be re- evaluated based on how successful it is and the expected future maintenance costs. Following are the DDW program expansion options for the City Council’s consideration: 1. Maintain Current DDW Program for Additional 3 Months: this option consists of continuing to re-drill DDW1 through DDW8 so that they continue to extract artesian water for an additional three months, and then reassessing conditions. Advantages: • Controls the cost of the overall program to allow time to pursue external funding sources. Disadvantages: • Limited area of reduced movement. • Rate of reduction of movement will diminish over time because of the limited reach of DDW1-DDW8. Estimated Cost = Up to $2m for 3 Months of Operation Implementation Schedule Forecast = Immediate 22 2. Expand DDW Program Landward of Palos Verdes Drive South : this option consists of installing approximately 5 additional DDWs landward of PVDS. Advantages: • Expands the area of reduced land movement. • Increases survivability of DDW1-DDW8, meaning they shear less frequently, therefore reducing re-drilling costs. • Constrution equipment access relatively well established. Disadvantages: • Expanded area of reduced land movement remains within the PBL area. • Does not focus on area with the most homes. • Water discharge routes not well established. Estimated Cost = Up to $4m for Installation and 3 Months of Operation Implementation Schedule Forecast = Begin Approximately 2 Weeks After Approval 3. Expand DDW Program to Abalone Cove Landslide Area: this option consists of installing approximately six new DDWs in the lower ACL area, with two to three DDWs near the Sacred Cove and two to three near the Abalone Cove area. Advantages: • Expands the area of reduced movement. • Targets an area where land movement is impacting many homes. • Targets an area currently showing the greatest rate of movement and impact on critical infrastructure including PVDS. • Water discharge routes are relatively well established. • Constrution equipment access relatively well established. Disadvantages: • Significant additional cost. • Impact not immediate because additional borehole data is needed. • Risk that DDWs would not be as effective because conditions differ from those at DDW1-DDW8. • Concern that City may be assuming ACLAD functions and costs. Estimated Cost = Up to $7m for Installation and 3 Months of Operation Implementation Schedule Forecast = Begin Approximately 2 Weeks After Approval 4. Expand DDW Program to Klondike Canyon Landslide Area: this option consists of installing one or two new DDWs in the lower KCL area. Advantages: • Expands the area of reduced movement. • Targets an area where land movement is impacting many homes. • Water discharge routes are already established. • Constrution equipment access relatively well established. Disadvantages: • Some additional cost. • Impact not immediate because additional borehole data is needed. 23 • Risk that DDWs would not be as effective because conditions differ from those at DDW1-DDW8. • Concern that City may be assuming some KCLAD functions and costs. Estimated Cost = Up to $3m for Installation and 3 Months of Operation Implementation Schedule Forecast = Begin Approximately 2 Weeks After Approval The estimated costs above include test boreholes and piezometer pore pressure monitoring wells for each DDW option. The estimated costs are based on an estimate of the how long each DDW will last using current movement rates. Actual costs may be lower if DDWs have a significant immediate impact and need to be re-drilled less frequently. As a separate item on tonight’s agenda, the City Council is being provided with an update on the Portuguese Bend Landslide Emergency construction contracting and being asked to reconfirm the need to continue the emergency work. The City Council is being asked to direct staff on which of the above options (one or any combination thereof) to implement. Emergency Stabilization Measures – Winterization Reducing the artesian water pressure on the deep slip plane has proven to be an effective method of reducing the rate of land movement. However, if stormwater continues to enter the ground, the artesian pressure will recharge and the reduction in land movement may be greatly reduced. Therefore, another important component of managing the landslide is reducing the potential for water infiltration. Although there are many fissures throughout the Landslide Complex, the project team geologists have emphasized the fissures in the canyons as the highest priority. With unlimited resources and time, the recommended course of action would be to re-establish drainage from the canyons all the way to the ocean. However, given the current rate of movement , those improvements may have limited duration. When also considering time and resource limitations, the project team is recommending focusing on filling fissures in the canyons; which are higher up in the slide formation and contribute more directly to water infiltration. Therefore, the City Council may consider one or more of the following emergency winterization measures: 1. Altamira Canyon: this option consists of filling the large fissures in Altamira Canyon with local soil and using a bentonite base seal or cover liner. Advantages: • Addresses the highest priority water intrusion point in the ACL. Disadvantages: • Is not a permanent solution for water intrusion in Altamira Canyon. • Requires significant ongoing maintenance. • Assumes an ACLAD responsibility. Estimated Cost = $2m Implementation Schedule Forecast = 2-3 Month Completion 24 2. Klondike Canyon: this option consists of filling the large fissures in Klondike Canyon with local soil and using a bentonite seal or cover liner. Advantages: • Addresses the highest priority water intrusion point in the KCL. Disadvantages: • Is not a permanent solution for water intrusion in Klondike Canyon. • Requires significant ongoing maintenance. • Assumes an KCLAD responsibility. Estimated Cost = $0.5m Implementation Schedule Forecast = 2-3 Month Completion 3. Portuguese Canyon, Ishibashi Canyon, and Paintbrush Canyon: this option consists of filling the large fissures in Portuguese, Ishibashi, and Paintbrush Canyons with local soil and using a bentonite seal or cover liner. Advantages: • Addresses the highest priority water intrusion point in the PBL. Disadvantages: • Is not a permanent solution for water intrusion in Portuguese, Ishibashi, and Paintbrush Canyons. • Requires significant ongoing maintenance. Estimated Cost = $1m Implementation Schedule Forecast = 2-3 Month Completion 4. Seaview Grabens: this option consists of installing a lightweight concrete fill, sump pumps, and sandbags in graben at the intersection of Dauntless Drive and Exultant Drive to seal the graben, as well as filling the other fissures on Exultant Drive and Admirable Drive, to prevent water intrusion. Advantages: • Addresses the highest priority water intrusion points in Seaview. • Reduces the weight being added at a key point in the KCL. Disadvantages: • Is not a permanent solution. • Requires ongoing maintenance. Estimated Cost = $0.5m Implementation Schedule Forecast = 2-3 Week Completion It should be noted that the City has had conversations with Los Angeles County Public Works and Flood Control District requesting financial and labor and equipment assistance with the proposed winterization options described above. As of writing this report, the City has not received a response. The City Council is being asked to review options and provide next steps in the emergency protective and stabilization measures. Staff will begin implementing measures 25 per City Council direction immediately and will return with the needed new or amended contracts/agreements. 3. Financial Report ACLAD/KCLAD Loans Update On August 20, 2024, the City received the signed loan agreements from ACLAD and KCLAD. Since the City Council’s loan approval in July 2024, the Public Works team has been working with the two Geologic Hazard Abatement Districts (GHADs) on their projects as outlined in the agreements. The agreements have not been finalized for City signatures because certain provisions must be met before issuing the funds to the GHADs. Therefore, the loans of $1.6 million to ACLAD and $1.9 million to KCLAD have not been disbursed. This amount is included as projected expense in FY 2024-25 as shown in Table 2 below. Expenditures to Date and FY 2024-25 Year-End Estimates Overall, the City’s estimated expenditures for the Portuguese Bend Landslide from October 2022 through June 2025 are approximately $35.3 million. As shown in Table 2, total expenditures for FY 2022-23 are $1.7 million, followed by an increase of 46 4% to $9.6 million in FY 2023-24. In the current fiscal year, $4.3 million has been incurred and encumbered, with an additional $19.7 million projected by June 30, 2025, reflecting a 150% increase from the prior year. These costs include emergency response efforts such as test boreholes, fissure filling, road repairs, sewer repairs, estimated time and costs for personnel dedicated to the project, legal services, loans to districts, and increased tax assessments. Table 2 – PB Landslide Costs – Emergency Response/Other – October 2022 - June 2025 Funding Sources The $35.3 million is funded through various sources, including the General Fund, CIP Fund, ARPA, and Metro Funds (Table 3). Of the $35.3 million, Staff anticipates a cost recovery of approximately $1.5 million in a form of public assistance through the disaster DESCRIPTION FY 22-23 ACTUAL FY 23-24 ACTUAL FY 24-25 YTD + PO'S FY 24-25 PROJECTED 3 YRS. TOTAL OCTOBER 2022 - JUNE 30, 2025 In Millions Emergency Response Boreholes 1.9 2.3 7.1 11.3 Other 1.2 0.6 0.7 2.5 Fissure Filling 0.6 0.0 1.2 1.8 Road Repairs 1.0 2.8 0.5 3.0 7.3 Ab Cove Sewer Repairs 0.04 0.8 0.1 1.2 2.1 Personnel Costs 0.1 1.2 0.0 2.6 3.9 Legal Services 0.02 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 PBL Remediation 0.5 1.1 0.1 0.0 1.6 ACLAD/KCLAD Loans 3.5 3.5 Tax Assessments 0.7 0.7 TOTAL: OCTOBER 2022 - JUNE 2025 $1.7 $9.6 $4.3 $19.7 $35.3 26 recovery program from FEMA and CalOES from the Winter Storm and Energy Shutoff state of emergency and federal disaster declarations. These recovery funds are still in the application stage and are not guaranteed. If deemed eligible, the reimbursement process can take a minimum of one year to three years before the City receives the funds. Table 3 – PB Landslide Funding Sources – Emergency Response/Other for Oct 2022 - Jun 2025 As shown in Table 3, Staff estimates, at a minimum, approximately $6.1 million in emergency response costs that will require City Council approval for budget appropriation. Table 4 below is a summary of these unfunded costs: Table 4 – Emergency Response (Unfunded) It is important to note that the $35.3 million presented above does not include the emergency stabilization measures that are presented for the City Council’s consideration, as described in the previous section and summarized below. Estimated Costs for the Emergency Stabilization Measure Options In addition to the $35.3 million of estimated landslide expenditures, Table 5 on the next page is a summary of the various options previously described in detail for City Council’s consideration. The combined total for all options previously described is approximately $20 million. Based on the most recent information that the City received from FEMA and CalOES, the emergency stabilization measure options are considered a pre-existing landslide condition (mapped on USGS and CGS) and therefore, not eligible for disaster cost recovery funding according to the Stafford Act and California Disaster Assistance Act. However, the City’s efforts in securing more funds from federal, state, and local are FUNDING SOURCES FY 22-23 Actual FY 23-24 Actual FY 24-25 YTD + PO's FY 24-25 Projected TOTAL In Millions ARPA 0.1 2.9 2.9 CIP 0.5 7.5 2.3 7.8 18.1 General Fund 0.2 1.2 0.7 2.7 4.8 Measure R 0.03 0.03 Prop C 1.0 0.9 0.0 1.4 3.4 Unfunded - Emergency Response (FY 2024-25)1.2 4.9 6.1 TOTAL*$1.7 $9.6 $4.3 $19.7 $35.3 *The City Applied for disaster cost recovery from FEMA & CalOES. As of September 2024, of the $35.3M of expenditures, only $1.5M is estimated to be deemed eligible. The City continues to advocate for funding. Emergency Response (Unfunded)FY 2024-25 Ab Cove Sewer Repairs 1.3 Fissure Filling 1.2 Road Repairs 1.9 Other - Legal, Equipment, Prof/Tech, Signs 1.7 TOTAL (in millions) $6.1 27 ongoing and Staff will continue to pursue funding assistance from all levels of government and will continue to update the City Council. Table 5 – Emergency Stabilization Measure Options (Unfunded) Overall, the Portuguese Bend landslide emergency response is expected to reach at approximately $35.3 million over three fiscal years. Within this total, the estimated minimum unfunded emergency response is approximately $6.1 million. Tonight, the City Council is also being asked to review and direct Staff regarding options for emergency stabilization measures of up to $20 million, bringing the overall total up to $55.3 million from October 2022 through the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. Depending on the City Council’s direction tonight, the total funding requires an appropriation in FY 2024-25 that could range between $6.1 million and $26.1 million. Since the City Council is being asked to consider options, an appropriation recommendation is not being presented for C ouncil consideration but may be incorporated in a motion at the meeting. Available Sources for City Council’s Consideration As of August 2024, based on the City Council’s reserve policy, the available balance that the City Council may consider is $24.5 million as presented in Table 6 on the following page. Additionally, the City Council is also being asked for direction on the allocations of the recently received $5 million grant from the Fourth District Supervisor Janice Hahn of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors (discussed in the next section). Emergency Stabilization Measures Est. Amount Emergency Stabilization Measures – Deep Dewatering Wells (DDW)in millions Maintain Current DDW Program For Additional 3 Months 2.0 Expand DDW Program Landward of Palos Verdes Drive South 4.0 Expand DDW Program to Abalone Cove Landslide Area 7.0 Expand DDW Program to Klondike Canyon Landslide Area 3.0 Emergency Stabilization Measures – Winterization Alta Mira Canyon 2.0 Klondike Canyon 0.5 Portuguese Canyon, Ishibashi Canyon, and Paintbrush Canyon 1.0 Seaview Grabens 0.5 UNFUNDED - Emergency Stabilization Measures*$20.0 *The City applied for disaster cost recovery from FEMA and CalOES. As of September 2024, stabilization measures are not deemed eligible, however, the City's efforts in securing more funds from federal, state, and local are ongoing* 28 Table 6 – Available Sources for City Council’s Consideration 1. CIP Fund ($5 Million in Emergency Reserves) At the end of FY 2023-24, the CIP Fund’s estimated fund balance is approximately $33 million. Based on the City Council reserves policy, $5 million serves as the City’s rainy- day fund for capital projects, which the City Council may use as deemed necessary. As illustrated in Chart 1, the remaining CIP fund balance of $28 million has already been allocated to projects during the budget process as part of the FY 2024 -25 Five-Year Capital Program. Chart 1 – Funding for the FY 2024-25 Adopted Five-Year Capital Program 2. General Fund ($19 Million in Excess Reserves) Based on the preliminary year-end results for FY 2023-24, the General Fund Balance is estimated at $35 million (revenues minus expenditures and transfers), with $16 million Fund Est. FY 2023-24 Fund Balance City Council Reserve Policy Available Balance for City Council's Consideration CIP $33M $5M Restricted for Emergency Reserves (Rainy Day Fund) $5M Emergency Reserves General Fund $35M 50% or $16M (Rainy Day Fund) $19M Excess Reserves ARPA $0.5M N/A $0.5M Re-allocate Hesse Park Technology Project TOTAL $24.5M *FUND BALANCE is the net of Revenues minus Expeditures* *EXCESS RESERVES is the net of Fund Balance minus 50% or $16M of City Council Policy* *Five-Year Capital Program are based on projected expenditures (approx. @ 70% of total costs) 29 restricted as the 50% rainy day fund, and the remaining $19 million is unallocated (excess reserves). Based on this information and in accordance with the City Council reserve policy, the City Council may consider using the excess reserves to fund the emergency project. Considering the excess reserve first would preserve the 50% or $16 million of the rainy day fund for other City emergency events. Chart 2 below illustrates the historical excess reserve balance since 2015 and the impact of $19 million reduction on this balance. In 2015, the City’s excess reserves amount to $7.2 million, increased to $9 million by FY 2019-20, and estimated to reach at $19 million in FY 2023-24. Utilizing the available excess reserves of $19 million is estimated to reduce the excess reserves balance by approximately 95% or $1 million by the end of FY 2024 - 25. Chart 2: Impact of $19M on General Fund’s Excess Reserve (after 50% City Council Reserve Policy) Chart 3 illustrates the projected ten-year financial model that was presented during the FY 2024-25 budget workshop, and now incorporating the assumption of a one-time reduction of $19 million. As shown in the chart, this would be a one-time impact in expenditures in FY 2024-25, with the remaining years indicating that the General Fund would continue to meet the projected operating needs from FY 2025-26 through FY 2032- 33. Chart 3: Impact of $19M on the 10-Year Financial Model (General Fund) in millions Includes Transfers 30 In summary, allocating $19 million from excess reserves would still comply with the City Council’s policy of maintaining a 50% reserve, or $16 million, for emergencies without disrupting ongoing general fund operations in the next ten years, based on a set of assumptions available today. Though, it’s important to note that the $19 million represents over 20 years of accumulated excess reserves from general city operations and should be carefully considered. Moreover, using all $19 million would also limit the City's capacity to pursue new projects and programs in the future. 3. ARPA Fund ($0.5 Million) For ARPA funds, given the upcoming deadline to award a contract by December 31, 2024, Staff is seeking the City Council’s approval to reallocate approximately $500,000 from the Hesse Park Technology Improvement project to avoid losing these funds. Based on the status of the project, Staff does not expect to award the contract in time to meet the December deadline. The funding for this project will be revisited at the next budget cycle. 4. Cost Recovery and Other Sources (Non-Guaranteed) Up until September 12, 2024, Table 6 summarizes the City’s requests for cost recovery from CalOES and FEMA in the amount of $61.4 million. Of this amount, $39.4 million is public assistance (City) and $22 million of individual assistance (residents). As reported earlier, according to FEMA and CalOES natural disaster recovery funds will not occur for landslide remediation efforts. Out of the $39.4 million application for public assistance (City), Staff is projecting only approximately $1.5 million in potential disaster recovery funds from the Winter Storm and Energy Shutoff. For the $22 million individual assistance application that the City submitted on behalf of the residents, the City has been notified that these funds will not become available. However, the City continues to seek funding assistance from all levels of government and will continue to pursue disaster recovering including potentially appealing decisions. Table 6 – Cost Recovery Applications Additionally, Staff continues to explore other funding opportunities, as outlined below, and will report back to the City Council with any progress updates. Potential sources include: • The City’s CJPIA insurance claims for the 2024 winter storm, covering parks and public buildings affected by the storm. • LA County Metro Funds, such as Measure M, through the call for projects from the South Bay Cities Council of Governments. This funding would be specifically for the reconstruction of PVDS after landslide stabilization. Agency Description Event Amount In Millions FEMA Public Assistance (City)Winter Storm (Jan/Feb 24)38.4 CalOES Public Assistance (City) Energy Shutoff 1.0 CalOES Individual Assistance (Residents) Energy Shutoff 22.0 TOTAL $61.4 31 Staff seeks City Council approval to receive a financial report on City expenditures and estimated costs for emergency protective and stabilization measures in response to the acceleration of the Landslide Complex since October 2022 . 4. $5 Million Pledge by Supervisor Hahn For approximately five years now, the City has been proactively meeting with our county, state, and federal elected officials seeking financial assistance with the implementation of the Portuguese Bend Remediation Project. To date, the City has not receive d any financial assistance. At the February 20, 2024 City Council meeting, Jennifer LaMarque, on behalf of Sup. Hahn pledged $5 million to be used toward the landslide remediation project. On September 5, 2024, the City received the draft Social Program Agreement (Agreement) and offered suggested edits on September 9, 2024. The City Manager signed the Agreement (Attachment G) on September 11, 2024, with the understanding that a portion of the $5 million funds could be used for individual assistance , as well as critical emergency protective and stabilization measures in response to the land movement. On September 18, 2024, the City received the $5 million via direct deposit. Staff seeks for City Council’s approval to accept and approve an appropriation of a $5 million Social Program Agreement in the form of financial assistance related from Fourth District Supervisor Janice Hahn of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. 5. Proposed Allocation of the Social Program Agreement The Agreement (Attachment G) executed between the City and Los Angeles County specifies how the $5 million pledged financial assistance to the City from Sup. Hahn may be used in response the land movement. Specifically, the Agreement states: The funds will be used by the City of Rancho Palos Verdes to assist in their response to the greater Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex ("Landslide"), which is damaging homes and critical infrastructure. Approximately 15,000 daily commuters rely on Palos Verdes Drive South to access the City or adjacent communities, including workers at the City's job centers and visitors traveling throughout Los Angeles County to enjoy public facilities such as Palos Verdes Nature Preserve, Abalone Cove Park, and Lower Point Vicente to name a few. The funding will be applied toward responding to conditions associated with the Landslide and includes, but is not limited to, public roads, critical infrastructure such as the City-owned sewer system in the Portuguese Bend Community Association, dewatering wells, as well as for costs associated with actions to address public safety, health, and transportation conditions created by the Landslide. Funding will be used to address immediate emergency relief efforts for residents who have been impacted by the L andslide's recent movement. Due to safety concerns, residents are facing emergency shutoffs for an indefinite period related to the area's utilities, including gas, electricity, and communication lines, 32 which will require the use of generators and other supplies and resources. In addition, funds may be used to assist residents who may evacuate their homes. As stated in the Agreement, the City Council may use the funds to provide residents with immediate emergency relief resulting from land movement and/or the indefinite utility shutoffs. Furthermore, the funds may be used to assist residents who may need to evacuate their homes. With that in mind, the City Council may consider: A. Relief Efforts to Residents • Establishing a grant program for affected property owners, one grant per residential property owner. The number of property owners are approximately estimated at 280. • Providing affected property owners with $10,000, for a total allocation of approximately $2.8 million, depending on number applications received. • Eligible expenses may include, but are not limited to: o Purchasing supplies and equipment due to utility shutoffs o Recovering home repair and hardening measures that allow residences to remain occupied. o Housing expenses including, but not limited to, temporary housing, storage expenses, utility bills, etc. • To promote accountability in the grant program involving tax dollars, eligible expenses must be substantiated with documentation (i.e., receipts, statements) prior to disbursement. • The grant program could open to eligible recipients within a week. Eligible recipients need to apply for the grant and provide the necessary documentation. If all requirements are met, the eligible recipients can expect to receive their grant reimbursement approximately within a week after their application approval. • The program will be implemented by the City’s Finance Department, with final approval of all disbursements by the City Manager. • Finance Director will include a reimbursement report as part of the future landslide City Council staff report. B. City’s Critical Infrastructure In addition to direct relief efforts to the residents, as stated in the Agreement, the City Council may also consider allocating a portion of the funds towards the emergency stabilization measures to directly benefit residents living within and outside the landslide complex. These costs should not be used for any City personnel costs. As previously reported, the City estimates a total of $35.3 million for emergency response in the past three years, and that the City Council will be considering additional emergency stabilization measure options tonight of up to $20 million, bringing the overall total to approximately $55.3 million from October 2022 through the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. Given the potential significant impact of the landslide expenditures on the City’s financials, and in accordance with the grant provisions, the Cit y Council may allocate the remaining balance of these funds to help address the $26.1 million funding gap. These expenditures would comply with the provisions of the Agreement, including the City- 33 owned sewer system in the PBCA, PVDS repairs, dewatering wells, and costs associated with actions aimed at improving public safety, health, and transportation conditions impacted by the landslide. Staff seeks City Council’s direction on the proposed allocation of the $5 million pursuant to the Social Program Agreement between Los Angeles County and the City: a. Provide $10,000 in individual financial assistance to property owners of residences impacted by the landslide in PBCA, Seaview and PBBC as outlined within the geographic boundaries identified in the City Council proclaimed Local Emergency Declaration; and, b. Fund, based on the remaining balance, City-initiated landslide response and stabilization efforts consisting of, but not limited to, public roads, City-owned sewer system in the Portuguese Bend Community Association, dewatering wells, as well as for costs associated with actions to address public safety, health, and transportation conditions created by the Landslide. 6. Resource Coordination and Voluntary Questionnaires for Impacted Residents Resource Coordination The City has been coordinating with all three affected neighborhoods to understand their needs as they evolve with the continuous land movement and energy shutoffs. In an initial effort to provide the widest breadth of services, the City hosted Resource Centers on August 6, August 8, September 1, and September 11 at Ladera Linda Community Park with representatives from City Departments; Los Angeles County agencies such as the Assessor’s Office, Mental Health Services, and Animal Care; the Fire and Sheriff’s Departments; and non-profit organizations such as the Rotary Club, Salvation Army, and Red Cross. All agencies provided referrals to services and resources that are available on the City’s website at www.rpvca.gov/landmovement. The City has also been in regular communication with the homeowners association for all three neighborhoods to better understand their ongoing needs and concerns. This has most recently included the purchase, delivery, and installation of solar streetlights; generators for homes with grinder pumps; delivery of dirt to fill fissures; and no-cost and expedited permits to install alternate utilities and temporary solutions to shore up homes. The City has also established a Re-Charging Station at Ladera Linda Community Park for residents to charge devices, and a “community living room” for affected residents to work, study, or rest - open from 9am to 9pm daily. The City is continuously working to research and coordinate other amenities and resources to address of the loss of utilities, ranging from security patrols, cell phone connectivity for emergencies, laundry facilities, shower facilities, warm meal programs, and longer-term power sources. The Rotary Club of Palos Verdes Peninsula, in coordination with the City, has stepped forward to organize donation efforts, in the form of a relief fund, for residents affected by the landslide. The Rotary is accepting check and online donations that will be directed towards the most emergent needs of residents. 34 Voluntary Questionnaires Following discussions with the Rotary, Fire and Sheriff's Departments, it became evident that various stakeholders would benefit from an improved understanding of each neighborhood’s most emergent needs. To obtain this information in a more methodical manner, the City has prepared two voluntary questionnaires (Attachment C) for eligible residents. Both questionnaires are voluntary, and any results would be kept confidential by the City and any organizations that are officially partnering with the City to deliver resources to affected residents. The first questionnaire is comprised of 13 questions and is intended to gather general contact and household information, the current living situation of households and managing the loss of utilities, their living conditions, and their highest priority needs. Additional questions about their access to renter’s or homeowner’s insurance and coverage are information that have previously been requested by the state and may be requested by other agencies in the future. The second questionnaire is a voluntary registry for households that temporarily or permanently moved out of their homes in the Landslide area and wish to register their vacant properties with the City and the Fire and Sheriff’s Department to assist with public safety response efforts, whether it is during their patrols or investigations following an incident in the vicinity. Questions include the date the home is vacated; names of individuals or service providers such as gardeners who may routinely be at the home ; and any actively operating alarms or cameras on the premises. All questions are optional, and residents may de-register their homes as needed. Both questionnaires are expected to take 5-10 minutes to complete and will be available online as well as in paper form. They will be distributed through the 3 HOAs, who maintain the emails and contact information for all the homes in their neighborhood. Pursuant to City Council Policy No. 2, Staff is requesting the City Council review and provide input on the draft questionnaires and if deemed acceptable, authorize Staff to issue them to eligible residents. 7. Extension of the Local Emergency Declaration On October 3, 2023, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2023-47 declaring a local emergency. The emergency declaration is deemed to continue to exist until its termination is proclaimed by the City Council in accordance with law. Government Code § 8630 requires the City Council to review of the need for continuing the local emergency at least once every 60 days until the City Council determines the local emergency within the geographic boundaries of the Landslide Complex has been abated or mitigated to insignificance. The state of emergency was continued by the City Council on November 14, 2023, pursuant to Resolution No. 2023-56, again on December 19, 2023, pursuant to Resolution No. 2023-61, again on February 6, 2024, pursuant to Resolution No. 2024 -05, again on March 19, 2024, pursuant to Resolution No. 2024 -13, again on May 7, 2024 pursuant to Resolution No. 2024-20, again on July 2, 2024 pursuant to Resolution No. 2024-44, and again on August 6, 2025 pursuant to Resolution No. 2024 -51. At this time, the City Council is being asked to extend the local emergency declaration an additional 35 60 days through November 30, 2024, which does not require a public hearing. If extended this evening, the Council would consider renewing the local emergency declaration again during the next landslide update on November 19, 2024. The City Council is being asked to adopt Resolution No. 2024 -__ thereby extending the Declaration of Local Emergency by 60 days (Attachment A). 8. Extension of the Local Emergency Declaration for Utility Shutoffs On August 6, 2024, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2024 -52 declaring a local state of emergency because of a sudden and severe energy shortage caused by shutting off of natural gas service to approximately 135 homes in the Portuguese Bend Community Association due to safety concerns. On September 3, 2024, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2024-57, declaring a local state of emergency because of a sudden and severe energy shortage caused by shutting off of natural gas service, planned deenergization events, and internet shut -offs in the PBCA, Seaview, and PBBC. The emergency declaration is deemed to continue to exist until its termination is proclaimed by the City Council in accordance with law. Government Code § 8630 requires the City Council to review of the need for continuing the local emergency a t least once every 60 days until the City Council determines the local emergency because of a severe energy shortage has been abated or mitigated to insignificance. At this time, the City Council is being asked to extend the local emergency declaration an additional 60 days through November 30, 2024, which does not require a public hearing. If extended this evening, the Council would consider renewing the local emergency declaration again during the next landslide update on November 19, 2024. The City Council is being asked to adopt Resolution No. 2024 -__ thereby extending the Declaration of Local Emergency by 60 days (Attachment B). ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: CalOES and FEMA Meetings On September 12, 2024, the City Manager and Public Works Director met with Nancy Ward, Director of CalOES; Robert Fenton, FEMA District 9 Administrator; and Kevin McGowan, Director of Los Angeles County Office of Emergency Management and their respective staff. The meeting was in response to the City’s repeated requests for state and federal assistance with the Landslide Complex; including individual assistance, public assistance, and technical assistance. a. Individual Assistance (IA): CalOES and FEMA informed the City that IA will not be deployed to affected residents. CalOES and FEMA informed the City that they consider the landslide to be a pre-existing condition because it is included in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and California Geological Survey (CGS) maps. The City contended that the deeper slide movement is not an existing condition; however, CalOES and FEMA stated that their definition is based solely on the existence of the slide on USGS and CGS maps. Additionally, CalOES and FEMA informed the City that the threshold for IA is typically upwards of a thousand destroyed or severely damaged residences or structures, which is not met in this case. Furthermore, CalOES and FEMA made it clear that even if IA was deployed, it would only be in the 36 form of 60 days of rental assistance at fair market value, with some possible time extensions under very specific conditions. b. Public Assistance (PA): CalOES and FEMA informed the City that although the threshold for PA had been met, no disaster recovery funding would be available because CalOES and FEMA consider the landslide to be a pre -existing condition as described above. In other words, the City will not be reimbursed for the costs of deep dewatering wells, winterization, repairs to PVDS, etc. c. Technical Assistance (TA): CalOES and FEMA informed the City that TA would be provided to the City and that various agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), USGS, and CGS would be deployed. On September 26, 2024, the City Manager, Public Works Director, ACLAD, and KCLAD met with geologists from USACE, FEMA, CalOES, and CGS. The purpose of the meeting was to scope the specific TA that would be provided. Representatives of the agencies clearly stated that they would not provide engineering, project management, or construction assistance. The City and Districts requested TA in the form of sharing new ideas for landslide mitigation, peer reviewing planned actions, and providing surveying and/or other measurements of the landslide. The agencies stated that they provide peer review services and consider any other assistance that may be available after consulting with their leadership. BRIC Grant Update In January 2023, the City applied for a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities (BRIC) FY22 cycle grant for the Portuguese Bend Landslide Remediation Project (PBL Remediation Project). The grant application was for the entire project including five hydrauger arrays with five drains each, surface drainage swales with a flow reduction area, and fissure infilling. The total cost of construction as well as associated professional services was estimated in November 2022 to be approximately $33.3 million. The City applied for funding for 70%, or $23 million, of the cost of the project. The BRIC program requires the $10 million balance of the project cost to be funded through non-federal sources. On August 28, 2023, FEMA announced the PBL Remediation Project was selected, with $23.3 million being allocated, not obligated, for the City’s project. This means that the project met the basic eligibility requirements and enters the next phase of the awards review process. The emergency protective and stabilization measures are separate scope from the PBL Remediation Project, therefore, the BRIC grant funds cannot be used for the emergency protective and stabilization measures. Because some of the emergency protective and stabilization measures overlap with portions of the PBL Remediation Project footprint; the City was required to submit a revised BRIC grant to exclude any overlap between the emergency protective and stabilization measures footprint and PBL Remediation Project footprint. The revised PBL Remediation Project BRIC grant amount is approximately $16.4 million, with a required non-federal match of approximately $7 million. On July 31, 2024, the California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services (CalOES) 37 received notification that FEMA approved Phase 1 of the City’s application which includes project management, final engineering, environmental deliverables, construction documents, project agreements, and permits. The total obligation amount (corrected from what was reported at the July 31 Neighborhood Q&A and the August 6 Council meeting) is $2,295,091, up to actual approved costs, and a non -federal share of 30% up to $718,138. A funding decision for Phase 2, or the construction and related activities phase, will be made upon completion of Phase 1. KCLAD Activities KCLAD currently has three wells at a depth of approximately 165 below ground surface; two of those wells are extracting approximately 80 gallons per minute and one well extracting approximately 250 gallons per minute. There is one well at a depth of approximately 15 feet below ground surface, which is extracting approximately 20 gallons per minute. A fifth well is being installed at a depth of approximately 165 below ground surface is expected to become operational during the week of September 30, 2024. KCLAD is working on a plan in Klondike Canyon to install interconnected flexible pipes and sandbags to trap spring water and convey it to the 16” pipe further downstream. Additionally, KCLAD and Staff continue to discuss preparations for implementation of KCLAD’s 5-Step Plan that includes installing various water extraction and storm drainage solutions and filling fissures. ACLAD Activities ACLAD continues to repair wells and drainage lines as jams and breaks occur. ACLAD continues to jointly work on installing temporary flexible drainage pipe for the Kelvin Canyon Spring so that surface water does not infiltrate into the ground and contribut e to land movement by recharging the water table. ACLAD is also working on plans to install additional dewatering wells, with specific locations to be defined and reviewed by the City Geologist. CalOES/FEMA Funding for Other City Projects The information in Table 7 is provided for reference only and is not related to the Portuguese Bend emergency response and the temporary projects discussed above. However, the funds will help supplement the City’s funding needs by reducing the costs covered by the General Fund (for goats, $900,000) and CIP Fund (for landslide $2.3 million). A total of $3.2 million have been approved by CalOES and FEMA, and it is now the City’s responsibility to secure them by providing eligible expenditures and meeting the funding compliance requirements. These funds have been incorporated in the City’s financial modeling. Staff reports to accept and appropriate the grants are scheduled for City Council’s approval in October and November. 38 Table 7 – Additional Information – CalOES/FEMA Funding for Other Projects CONCLUSION: The early results of the DDW program exceeded the project team’s expectations, which presents an opportunity to expand the DDW program, depending on available funding and cross-jurisdictional cooperation. Staff is seeking City Council direction one or more next steps for the DDW program. Although reducing the artesian water pressure on the deep slip plane has proven to be an effective method of reducing the rate of land movement, if stormwater continues to enter the ground, the artesian pressure will recharge and the reduction in land movement may be greatly reduced. Therefore, Staff is seeking City Council direction on a winterization program. Overall, the Portuguese Bend landslide emergency response is expected to reach approximately $35.3 million over three fiscal years. Within this total, the estimated unfunded emergency response is approximately $6.1 million. The options for emergency protective and stabilization measures may reach up to $20 million, bringing the overall total to $55.3 million from October 2022 through the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. Staff is seeking City Council direction on the funding appropriation in FY 2024-25, which could range from $6.1 million to $26.1 million. Staff seeks for City Council’s approval to accept and approve an appropriation of a $5 million Social Program Agreement in the form of financial assistance related from Fourth District Supervisor Janice Hahn of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors. Staff recommends that the City Council extend the local emergency declarations for an additional 60 days. ALTERNATIVES: In addition to Staff recommendation, the following alternative actions are available for the City Council’s consideration: 1. Take no action and simply receive and file this report. 2. Do not accept and approve an appropriation of $5 million pursuant to a Social Program Agreement providing financial assistance related to the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex from Fourth District Supervisor Janice Hahn of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors; and do not provide direction on the proposed allocation. 39 3. Do not provide input on two draft questionnaires to be sent to households affected by the Greater Portuguese Bend-Ancient Altamira Landslide Complex and instead direct Staff not to issue the questionnaires. 4. Do not adopt resolutions continuing the local emergency declarations. 40 01203.0023/1014970.1 RESOLUTION NO. 2024-__ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, CONTINUING THE LOCAL EMERGENCY DECLARATION AS ESTABLISHED BY RESOLUTION NO. 2023-47 ADOPTED ON OCTOBER 3, 2023 FOR AN ADDITIONAL 60 DAY PERIOD WHEREAS, on October 3, 2023, the City Council of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes adopted Resolution No. 2023 -47, declaring a local state of emergency because of the alarming increase of land movement in the Greater Portuguese Bend Landslide Complex, as depicted in Resolution No. 2023-47 Exhibits “A” and “B”. Resolution No. 2023-47, and the exhibits thereto, is incorporated by reference. WHEREAS, on October 3, 2023, the City Council by a 4/5 vote also adopted Interim Urgency Ordinance No. 674U, establishing a moratorium on all construction in the Landslide Complex. WHEREAS, on November 14, 2023, the City Council by a 4/5 vote adopted Resolution No. 2023-56, extending the state of emergency for an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, on December 19, 2023, the City Council by a 4/5 vote adopted Resolution No. 2023-61, extending the state of emergency for an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, on February 6, 2024, the City Council by a 4/5 vote adopted Resolution No. 2024-05, extending the state of emergency for an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, on March 19, 2024, the City Council by a 5-0 vote adopted Resolution No. 2024-13, extending the state of emergency for an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, on May 7, 2024, the City Council by a 5-0 vote adopted Resolution No. 2024-20, extending the state of emergency for an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, on July 2, 2024, the City Council by a 5-0 vote adopted Resolution No. 2024-44, extending the state of emergency for an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, on August 6, 2024, the City Council by a 5-0 vote adopted Resolution No. 2044-51, extending the state of emergency by an additional 60 days. WHEREAS, the state of emergency is deemed to continue to exist until its termination is proclaimed by the City Council in accordance with law. Government Code § 8630 requires the City Council to review of the need for continuing the local emergency at least once every 60 days until the City Council determines the local emergency within the geographic boundaries of the Landslide Complex has been abated or mitigated to insignificance. WHEREAS, after consideration of all facts reasonably available the City Council now desires to extend the declaration of a state of local emergency within the Landslide Complex. A-1 Resolution No. 2024-__ Page 2 of 3 NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, HEREBY FINDS, DETERMINES, AND RESOLVES AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. Recitals. The City Council hereby determines that the above recitals are true and correct and incorporates the same as the findings of the City Council. SECTION 2. Proclamation of Emergency. The City Council finds, pursuant to RPVMC Chapter 2.24 and Government Code §§ 8630 and 8680.9, there exists an actual condition of peril to the safety of persons and property exiting within the Greater Portuguese Bend Landslide, comprised of the Portuguese Bend Landslide, the Abalone Cove Landslide, and the Klondike Canyon Landslide), as depicted in Exhibits “A” and “B” of Resolution No. 2023-47, and based on the staff report and recommendations and public testimony, and hereby proclaims that a state of local emergency continues to exist throughout the same. SECTION 3. Authority Granted. It is further proclaimed and ordered that during the existence of said local emergency, the powers, authority, functions and duties of the Disaster Council, Director, and the City’s emergency services organizations shall be those prescribed by State Law, City ordinances, Resolution No. 2023-47 and any other applicable resolutions, and approved plans of the City in order to mitigate the effects of the local emergency. SECTION 4. Immunity Invoked. To the maximum extent permitted by law, and pursuant to Government Code § 866, the City Council hereby invokes the immunity afforded to the City of Rancho Palos Verds in adopting and implementing the declaration of local emergency within the Landslide Complex SECTION 5. Duration. The local emergency shall be deemed to continue to exist until its termination is proclaimed by the City Council in accordance with law. SECTION 6. Continuing Declaration. Government Code § 8630 requires the City Council to review of the need for continuing the local emergency at least once every 60 days until the City Council determines the local emergency within Landslide Complex has been abated or mitigated to insignificance. SECTION 7. Severability. If any subsection, sentence, clause, phrase, or word of this Resolution or any application of it to any person, structure, gathering, or circumstance is held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, then such decision will not affect the validity of the remaining portions or applications of this Resolution. SECTION 8. Effectiveness. This Resolution shall take effect immediately. A copy of the Proclamation and this Resolution shall be forwarded to the California Emergency Management Agency. The City Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this resolution.. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED on this 1st day of October, 2024. A-2 Resolution No. 2024-__ Page 3 of 3 ________________________________ Mayor ATTEST: ________________________________ City Clerk STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) ss CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES ) I, Teresa Takaoka, City Clerk of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes, hereby certify that the above Resolution No. 2024-__ was duly and regularly passed and adopted by the said City Council at a regular meeting thereof held on October 1, 2024. ___________________________ City Clerk A-3 01203.0023/1017109.1 RESOLUTION NO. 2024-__ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, TO EXTEND THE STATE OF LOCAL EMERGENCY WITHIN THE GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES OF THE PORTUGUESE BEND COMMUNITY ASSOCIATION, PORTUGUESE BEND BEACH CLUB, AND SEAVIEW NEIGHBORHOOD, BASED ON SUDDEN ENERGY SHORTAGES, PLANNED DEENERGIZING EVENTS, AND INTERNET SERVICE SHUT OFFS, AS ESTABLISHED BY RESOLUTIONS NOS. 2024-52 AND 2024-57, FOR AN ADDITIONAL 60 DAYS WHEREAS, the City of Rancho Palos Verdes is home to four out of five sub -slides that comprise the Greater Portuguese Landslide Complex (Landslide Complex): the Portuguese Bend Landslide, Abalone Cove Landslide, Klondike Canyon Landslide, and Beach Club Landslide. The Portuguese Bend Landslide encompasses the Portuguese Bend Community Association (PBCA), the Seaview Neighborhood (Seaview), and the Portuguese Bend Beach Club (PBBC). The Landslide Complex has been active since the 1950s. WHEREAS, the 2022-2023 rainy season brought exceptional amounts of rain to the region, dumping 20.9” of rain or 190% of the average annual rainfall in the region. WHEREAS, by April 26, 2024, total rainfall for the 2023-24 season (beginning Oct 1, 2023) was 23.01" or 169% of the historical 67-year average of 13.63" for this rain gauge. (All data based on LACDPW Rainfall Gauge No. 1011B at Rolling Hills FS.) WHEREAS, beginning in 2018, but particularly since May 2023, the land movement in the Landslide Complex has increased significantly due to increased rainfall in the last two rainy seasons, which caused the water table to rise dramatically and destabilize the landslides. The City has established, via repeated geologic studies, that a significant factor in the speed of land movement in the Districts is the amount of water in the soil. WHEREAS, on October 3, 2023, the City Council of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes adopted Resolution No. 2023-47, declaring a local state of emergency due to the alarming increase of land movement in the Landslide Complex. The state of emergency based on the land movement has been extended as required by law and is still active. WHEREAS, on August 6, 2024, the City Council by unanimous vote adopted Resolution No. 2024-52, declaring a local state of emergency because of a sudden and severe energy shortage caused by shutting off of natural gas service to approximately 135 homes in the PBCA due to safety concerns. WHEREAS, on September 3, 2024, the City Council by unanimous vote adopted Resolution No. 2024-57, declaring a local state of emergency because of a sudden and severe energy shortage caused by shutting off natural gas service and planned deenergization events in the PBCA. B-1 Resolution No. 2024-__ Page 2 of 3 WHEREAS, on September 6, 2024 at approximately 3 p.m., SoCalGas shutoff natural gas service indefinitely to 29 homes in the western Seaview area and 25 homes in Portuguese Bend Beach Club due to safety concerns associated with land movement. WHEREAS, on September 6, 2024 at approximately 6 p.m., Cox Communication discontinued internet, video, and home telephone services to residents in the PBCA due to safety concerns associated with land movement. WHEREAS, after consideration of all facts reasonably available the City Council now desires to extend the declaration of a state of local emergency within the Landslide Complex. NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, HEREBY FINDS, DETERMINES, AND RESOLVES AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Recitals. The City Council hereby determines that the above recitals are true and correct and incorporates the same as the findings of the City Council. Section 2. Extension of Local State of Emergency. The City Council finds, pursuant to RPVMC Chapter 2.24 and Government Code §§ 8630, 8680.9, and 8558 there exists an actual condition of peril to the safety of persons and property existing within the PBCA, Seaview, and PBBC, as established by Resolutions No. 2024-52 and 2024-57, and based on the staff report and recommendations and public testimony, and hereby proclaims that a state of local emergency continues to exist throughout the same. Section 3. Authority Granted. It is further proclaimed and ordered that during the existence of said local emergency, the powers, authority, functions and duties of the Disaster Council, Director, and the City’s emergency services organizations shall be those prescribed by State Law, City ordinances, Resolution Nos. 2023-52 and 2024-57, and any other applicable resolutions, and approved plans of the City in order to mitigate the effects of the local emergency. Section 4. Immunity Invoked. To the maximum extent permitted by law, and pursuant to Government Code § 866, the City Council hereby invokes the immunity afforded to the City of Rancho Palos Verds in adopting and implementing the declaration of local emergency within the Landslide Complex. Section 5. Duration. The local emergency shall be deemed to continue to exist until its termination is proclaimed by the City Council in accordance with law. Government Code § 8630 requires the City Council to review of the need for continuing the local emergency at least once every 60 days until the City Council determines the local emergency within the geographic boundaries of the Landslide Complex has been a bated or mitigated to insignificance. Section 6. Continuing Declaration. Government Code § 8630 requires the City Council to review of the need for continuing the local emergency at least once every B-2 Resolution No. 2024-__ Page 3 of 3 60 days until the City Council determines the local emergency within the PBCA has been abated or mitigated to insignificance. Section 7. Severability. If any subsection, sentence, clause, phrase, or word of this Resolution or any application of it to any person, structure, gathering, or circumstance is held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, then such decision will not affect the validity of the remaining portions or applications of this Resolution. Section 8. CEQA. The City Council finds that this Resolution is proposed to allow the City to continue to address and mitigate an imminent threat to public health and safety and therefore is exempt from CEQA pursuant to Public Resources Code, Section 21080(b)(4) and CEQA Guidelines, Section 15269. Section 9. Effectiveness. This Resolution shall take effect immediately. A copy of the Proclamation and this Resolution shall be forwarded to the California Office of Emergency Management. The City Clerk shall certify to the passage and adoption of this resolution. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED on this 1st of October, 2024. ________________________________ Mayor ATTEST: ________________________________ City Clerk STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES ) ss CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES ) I, Teresa Takaoka, City Clerk of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes, hereby certify that the above Resolution No. 2024-__ was duly and regularly passed and adopted by the said City Council at a regular meeting thereof held on October 1, 2024. ___________________________ City Clerk B-3 Questionnaire of Households Affected by the Portuguese Bend Land Movement October 2024 ➢ Purpose: This is a voluntary questionnaire of households affected by the Portuguese Bend landslide to help the City understand their needs and how best to deploy resources, if and when they become available. ➢ Eligibility: Residents who rent or own a home in the Portuguese Bend Community, Portuguese Bend Beach Club, and Seaview Community and have experienced landslide damage or indefinite utility shutoffs are asked to take this voluntary survey by October 11, 2024. ➢ Additional Information: Your responses will be used confidentially by the City, the Sheriff’s Department, and Fire Department to assist with emergency response efforts. Results may also be shared confidentially with other government agencies and non-profit organizations that are officially partnering with the City to deliver resources to affected residents. ➢ For Questions: Call the City of Rancho Palos Verdes at 310-544-5200 or email LandMovement@rpvca.gov. More info is available at www.rpvca.gov/landmovement. This questionnaire includes 13 questions and should take 5-10 minutes to complete. If you need assistance or would like a paper questionnaire to be mailed to you, please call or email the City. General Information 1. Address of the affected home: _____________________ 2. Your neighborhood: • Portuguese Bend Community • Portuguese Bend Beach Club • SeaView Community • Other: __________ 3. Primary point of contact for your home: • Name • Email address • Phone number C-1 Household Information 4. Number of people living in the home, or who lived in your home before you vacated it: • Number of people dependent on electricity for medical equipment or medication • Number of people who have a disability • Number of students under 18 years old • Number of seniors over 65 years old 5. Number of animals living at the home, or who lived at the home before you vacated it: • Number of small animals and pets • Number of large animals, such as horses Living Situation and Needs 6. Are you planning to continue living in your home in the next six months? • No plans to move • Considering moving • Moving or have moved [please fill out the vacant home registry (to be linked)] • Other: ____________________ 7. If you are planning to continue living in your home, how to do you plan to manage the loss of utilities such as electricity, gas, etc. • I am planning to or have already installed alternate utilities including (check all that apply): o Residential generators o Propane conversions o Holding tanks o Solar panels o Other _______________ • I am using only temporary solutions such as a portable generator. • None. 8. What are your current needs (select in order of priority with 1 being the most important) • Generators • Meals • Ice • Mobile restrooms and showers • Laundry facilities • Battery/solar charging stations C-2 • Temporary or transitional housing • Animal sheltering • Portable cell towers • Mental health • Other social services • Financial assistance • Other _____________________ 9. Please describe if you or anyone in your household have any urgent needs that are impacting your health and safety? Residence Type and Insurance 10. Do/Did you rent or own the home? • Rent • Own 11. Do you have renter’s or homeowners’ insurance? • Renter’s insurance • Homeowner’s insurance • None. 12. If you have insurance, does it cover the cost of all damages caused by the land movement? • No • Yes • Partial coverage • Unsure 13. If you have insurance, does it cover the cost of all damages caused by the indefinite utility shutoffs? • No • Yes • Some coverage • Unsure C-3 Vacant Home Registry in the Portuguese Bend Landslide Area ➢ Purpose: This is a voluntary questionnaire for households that temporarily or permanently moved out of their homes in the Portuguese Bend landslide area and wish to register their vacant properties with the City and the Fire and Sheriff’s Department to assist with public safety response efforts. ➢ Eligibility: Residents who have temporarily or permanently moved out of a home in the Portuguese Bend Community, Portuguese Bend Beach Club, and Seaview Community. ➢ Additional Information: Your responses will be kept confidential by the City, the Sheriff’s Department, Fire Department, and other public agencies assisting with public safety efforts. Note that adding your home to the registry does not in any way ensure that your home will be protected or place any responsibility with the City, the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department, or the Los Angeles County Fire Department for any damage that your property may incur. ➢ For Questions: Contact the City of Rancho Palos Verdes at 310-544-5200 or send an email to LandMovement@rpvca.gov or contact the Lomita Sheriff’s Station Community Relations at 310-891- 3241 or daclowo@lasd.org. This questionnaire includes 11 questions and should take 5-10 minutes to complete. If you need assistance or would like a paper questionnaire be mailed to you, please call or email the City. General Information 1. Address of the affected home: _____________________ 2. Your neighborhood: • Portuguese Bend Community • Portuguese Bend Beach Club • SeaView Community • Other: ___________ 3. Primary point of contact for your home: • Name • Email address • Phone number C-4 4. Should we contact you if there is an emergency at your home? (yes, no) Status of Home (all questions are optional) 5. On what date did your household move out of the home? ________ 6. Did you temporarily relocate or permanently move out of the home? • Temporarily. If known, enter your return date: ________ • Permanently 7. Are you or other members of your household routinely checking on your home? • No. • Yes. List their names and frequency of check-ins: ________ 8. Have you provided any neighbors or other individuals with access to your home? • No. • Yes. List their names and contact information: ________ 9. Does your home have any actively operating alarms or security cameras? • No. • Yes. Provide the name of the alarm service and phone number for emergency purposes. 10. Will there be any service providers (e.g., gardeners) at your home while you are away? • No. • Yes. Provide the name of the provider and the days/times they will be there. 11. Is there anything else we should be aware of while you are away? To deregister your home in the future, please email landmovement@rpvca.gov. C-5 Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey October 10, 2023 (M38) through September 20, 2024 (M46) Survey Report for the City of Rancho Palos Verdes prepared by McGee Surveying Consulting Dated: October 30, 2023 with subsequent updates through September 20, 2024 Portuguese Bend is typically monitored for land movement on a tri-annual basis with an initial survey of all current monitoring points at the beginning of the rainy season in the fall of each year followed by two subsequent partial Winter and partial Spring Monitoring Surveys of 30-40 points. In past years, the survey report was published following the spring survey; however, since the beginning of 2024 due to the excessive land movement the surveys have been conducted every six weeks and now every month as listed below. The October 2023 is reported here in detail and subsequent surveys are reported as Addendums with appropriate edits here. The movement results are included in the attached “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING M??…..xlsx” made available shortly after completion of the field survey. Movements are reported for the average date of the survey noted below and in the Addendums. M38 Full Survey - October 10, 2023 M39 Full Survey - January 13, 2024 M40 Partial Survey - March 8, 2024 M41 Partial Survey - April 17, 2024 M42 Full Survey - May 28, 2024 M43 Full Survey - July 1, 2024 M44 Full Survey - August 1, 2024 M45 Full Survey - September 4, 2024 M46 Partial Survey - September 20, 2024 SPREADSHEET ATTACHMENT: “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING M?? - 2007 to Present.xlsx” OVERVIEW: GNSS MONITORING NETWORK (M38) McGee Surveying Consulting (MSC) performed the 2023-2024 land movement monitoring surveys at Portuguese Bend. The surveys were planned, coordinated, and executed by Michael McGee, PLS3945 of MSC who is responsible for the field surveys, processing observations, network adjustments, analysis, and reports. For a general history, details and procedures utilized in this survey but not re-stated here, see the “Portuguese Bend Land Movement 2020-2021 Monitoring Survey” report dated October 5, 2021, revised and published May 11, 2022. See also prior reports. This Initial October 10, 2023 Survey determined the precise positions of 79 monitoring and control points. PVE3 and other CSRC CGPS (CGNSS) stations were used to support and reference the survey network and verify the recovery of the reference frame. This survey included two new points set in July 2023 for the M37 F-1 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 2 of 20 Survey in Klondike Canyon (Seaview) and ten new points set in September 2023. Additional points have been set on most subsequent surveys as necessary and noted in the addendums. Point KC02 was replaced by KC24 nearby in the October in anticipation of its future destruction. Point AB21 was recovered from the 2007 survey and substituted for nearby AB20 (destroyed by others) and will facilitated continuous monitoring at this location. The movements of new points are included in this Report as an Addendums. All monitoring survey coordinates and movements to date are listed in the spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING M?? 2007-[present].xlsx” attached to this Report. PROJECT DATUMS - REFERENCE FRAME The horizontal and vertical positions of the monitoring points are based on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) Epoch 2007.00 and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88) reference frames. Although more current epoch adjustments are available e.g. NAD83 (2011) Epoch 2010.00, Epoch 2007.00 is retained to maintain consistently relative positions over time. Orthometric heights (NAVD88 Elevations) are based on measured ellipsoid heights combined with the NGS Geoid03 model and referenced to NGS Benchmarks. Although more current geoid models (e.g. Geoid18), are available, Geoid03 is retained to maintain consistently relative height movements over time as explained in said May 2022 Report. The latitudes and longitudes determined by GNSS measurements are converted to grid coordinates by projected onto NAD83 California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in US Survey Feet. A valid recovery of the survey reference frame is essential to accurately measure and assess actual movements of individual points relative to the greater peninsula. The method for recovering the monitoring survey reference frame was modified in 2019 to improve the efficiency and simplify the processing and analysis of the monitoring surveys. Since 2007, Point AB02 (at the south end of Portuguese Point) has proven to be stable relative to PVE3 which is a California Spatial Reference Center (CSRC) Continuously Operated GPS Station (CGPS) at City Hall. The present procedure fixes PVE3RP (a PK Nail set on the concrete base of PVE3 as a reference mark to PVE3) and checking to point AB02. The proven positions relative to PVE3 are listed below. Pt# Latitude Longitude NAVD88 Ht Source) AB02 33-44-13.84878 118-22-26.19243 116.47 ft 2007 - October 2018 position PVE3RP 33-44-35.74239 118-24-15.27451 346.88 ft Average of 5 years referencing to PVE3 Comparing the positions of AB02 on Portuguese Point with PVE3RP at City Hall and other CSRC CGPS Stations provides a redundant verification that the reference frame is stable and successfully recovered for each monitoring survey. An additional stable check point “RP01” was established near the entrance to the Trump Golf Course for verification on future surveys. The rate of movement (velocities) of the land masses have increased over the past five years compared to the previous 12-year average. See “Assessment of Movements & Accelerations” addressed on Page 11. Notwithstanding the 2019 monitoring process noted above, the processing of observations was necessarily modified for this fall survey because of the higher velocities as follows. The October 2023 observations were processed as follows. The Base Station at AB73 was occupied over a six- day period and was found to have moved about 0.016 feet per day similar to other monitoring points in the area. To determine accurate positions and therefore precision movements it was necessary to determine a daily position of AB73. This was accomplished by processing the static data collected each day at AB73 with static data downloaded from the CSRC for CGPS stations PVE3 and PVHS. PVE3 is and has always been the basic constraint for the monitoring survey’s reference frame. PVHS was used to verify the stability of PVE3. Subsequently positions of AB73 were computed for each day referenced to PVE3. The identity for processing the daily observations of AB73 and related RTK measurements was to assign to AB73 the identity of AB731, AB732, AB733, AB734 & AB735 for days 1 through 5 occurring on October 8, 9, 10, 11 & 13. BASE STATIONS – POINT NAMES AB61 and AB20 have previously served as suitable GNSS Base Stations for referencing measured positions of the monitoring points. AB61 is no longer accessed due to its environmental sensitivity and lack of security. AB73, located on the US Pony Club property was utilized as the Base Station up to the October 2023 survey. F-2 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 3 of 20 Access was obtained unilaterally by MSC from the Pony Club manager for exclusive permission to enter the property confirmed prior to each survey entry with the understanding that 5 mph driving protocols are observed. Point AB73 was not a planned monitoring point but given the increased rates of movement, it fills in a gap between AB20 and AB50 and moves consistent with AB20. AB50 and AB73 are on the south and north sides of PVDS respectively. The separation between AB73 and AB50 is diminishing at the rate of about one foot per month in April 2024 resulting in a steeper slope on the north side of PVDS which may be de-stabilizing. Due to the continuously increasing velocities of land movement, the present on-site base stations (AB20 and AB73) are no longer stable for measuring relative movements. In the January 2024 survey the Smartnet RTN network utilizing remote base stations connected by the Internet was used to measure positions and vectors which were re-referenced to PVE3RP and PVE3 in a network least squares adjustment. Surveys subsequent to the January survey are referenced to a new base station monument “RP02” set about 1400 feet northerly of the entrance to Abalone Cove Park and ¼ mile westerly of the present active slide boundary. See discussion hereafter. October 2023 GNSS Survey Monitoring Points Network The monitoring points names were established in the early surveys. The points are named for the slide they fall within and given a number. For example, slides AB, PB, KC, CR and FT. The number is increased as new points are established to replace abandoned or destroyed points or expand the network. Many of the original points are lost or no longer monitored. For data management purposes the point names are also prefixed with a sequential monitoring number to distinguish subsequent surveys. For example, for the occupation of AB02 on F-3 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 4 of 20 the 16th monitoring survey, AB02 is called M16AB02 where M16 indicates the sequence number since the first Monitoring Survey “M01” in September 2007. The prefix is stripped in the spreadsheet reports. GNSS October 2023 M38 Survey Parameters, Metadata & Equipment Date of Annual Initial Survey: M38 – October 10, 2023 (mean date) between 0800-1700 PDST (+7 hrs for UTC). Constellations: GPS (31 Satellites), Russian GLONASS (23 Satellites), Galileo (23 Satellites) and Beidue (40 Satellites). Observables (Carrier Waves): GPS (L1, L2, L5), GLONASS (L1, L2), Beidue (L1, L2); & Galileo (4 Carrier Waves) Data Epoch Rate - 0.2 seconds (20HZ) at the GS18 Rover; 1 second at the GS18 Base Satellites: 20-40; GDOP: < 2; Elevation Mask: 0° at the Rover and Base Station Ephemeris: Broadcast for RTK vectors. Weather: Mostly calm clear skies, temperature 65-75° F, no significant weather. Space Weather: Boulder K Index 1-3 averaging 2 (gauges ionospheric activity on a scale of 0-9; less than 6 preferred) Equipment: GNSS Base Receiver Unit No. M11, Operator: M. McGee, PLS; Occupied Base Station Receiver Make & Model: Leica GS18 with integrated Antenna; Mount: Tripod & Tribrach GNSS Rover Receiver Unit No. M10, Operator: M. McGee, PLS Receiver Make & Model: Leica GS18T with integrated Antenna; Mount: Fixed Height Pole #4 Processing & Adjustments: Leica Infinity v4.0 and "Starnet-PRO” version 11.0.6 Software Prior to 2019, geodetic grade GNSS receivers collected static satellite signal data for post processing. The instrumentation was upgraded in 2020 to a Leica GS18 Base with a GS18T RTK Rover operating in real-time with an FM radio system which utilizes the latest technology to deliver increased productivity and precision of point positions. The GS18 receiver incorporates an Inertial Measurement Unit and tracks four Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS): GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and Beidue Satellites. The differences in two measured vectors are acceptable if they fall within 0.03 feet (1 cm) horizontally; otherwise, additional measurements are usually obtained with some exceptions. Experience has shown the independent measurements generally agree on average about 0.02 feet when referenced to a local base receiver. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS Network Adjustment: A minimally constrained adjustment is utilized to develop NAD83 (2007) 2007.00 Epoch Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights of the monitoring points. The NAVD88 orthometric heights (elevations) are determined by combining the measured ellipsoid heights with the Geoid 03 Model. Previously, Point AB02 was fixed, and the stability verified relative to PVE3RP which is 1.5 to 3 miles westerly and outside the influence of the land movements. AB02 is expected to be stable and unaffected by the land movement; however, due to the substantially increased rates of movement resulting in dynamically differential movements the process was modified as noted above to assure accurate positions. This was accomplished by computing daily positions on the Base Station AB73 (AB731, AB732, AB733, AB734, AB735) relative to the reference frame fixed at station PVE3 noted above. Listed here are the differences. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3 0.000 0.000 Fixed Horizontal, CGPS Station at City Hall AB02 -0.022 -0.008 0.000 Fixed Elevation & Horizontal Check PVE3RP -0.010 -0.003 -0.055 Closure Check from PVE3 to AB73 to PVE3RP at City Hall PVHS -0.035 0.003 Horizontal Check on CGPS Station 2 Miles North of PB Comments: Fixing the CGPS station PVE3 finds the differences at CGPS Station PVHS, Reference Point PVE3RP and Monitoring point AB02 are insignificant measurement noise. Given that AB02, PVE3RP, PVE3 and PVHS are in good relative agreement, the survey reference frame is deemed stable and successfully recovered from which local land movements were determined. ACCURACY STATEMENTS Vector Residuals: In this Initial Survey, the two-dimensional vector residuals averaged 0.012 feet and the absolute value of the vertical residuals averaged 0.02 feet as listed below. The vector residuals are based on a network adjustment of independent point positions. Vector Lengths(ft) Two Dimensional Residuals Absolute Vertical Residuals Vary Average Average Std.Dev. Maximum Average Std.Dev. _ Range 131-16391 3792 0.012 0.006 0.029 0.02 0.02 -0.03 to +0.08 F-4 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 5 of 20 Movement Accuracy: A point is deemed to have moved if, at the 95% level of confidence the horizontal movement (signal) of a point between two epochs is greater than the 95% Error (noise). Based on multiple independent occupations, the horizontal (2D) movements reported between October 2022 (M34) and October 2023 (M38) statistically attained a relative average accuracy of 0.014 feet at the 95% Level of Confidence with a Standard Deviation of 0.004 feet and a Range of 0.01 to 0.03 feet. See the attached file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING …..xlsx” for movements and coordinates. Table of 2D & Vertical Movements for 12.0 Months October 10, 2022 (M34) & October 10, 2023 (M38) Listed below are the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two-dimensional horizontal movements, and the vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…..xlsx”. Note: The horizontal measured movement confidence is estimated at +/-0.02’ (1/4”); therefore, movements of less than 0.03’ are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is +/-0.05’. * = Control Point for Recovery of the Reference Frame. Point ID Azimuth° Horizontal Movement Vertical Movement Point ID Azimuth° Horizontal Movement Vertical Movement AB01 244 0.06 0.0 KC02 196 1.99 0.1 AB02 201 0.02 0.0 KC05 219 0.88 -0.1 AB04 223 4.80 -0.6 KC06 253 1.34 -0.5 AB05 231 3.51 -0.6 KC07 256 0.02 0.0 AB13 198 2.48 -0.6 KC13 193 0.70 0.1 AB16 191 1.20 0.0 KC14 259 0.12 -0.1 AB17 187 0.06 0.0 KC15 233 1.36 -0.4 AB20 199 3.06 -0.1 KC16 251 0.03 0.0 AB24 198 2.68 0.0 KC17 222 1.24 -0.3 AB50 236 1.99 0.2 KC18 202 2.86 -0.3 AB51 202 2.05 -0.2 PB04 203 3.62 -0.3 AB53 192 2.75 -0.4 PB06 200 3.35 -0.3 AB57 169 2.37 -0.7 PB07 201 3.85 -0.1 AB58 183 2.22 -0.4 PB08 201 3.61 0.0 AB59 186 3.17 -0.8 PB09 198 3.49 -0.1 AB60 204 2.69 -0.3 PB12 200 4.67 -0.3 AB62 203 3.73 -0.4 PB13 201 3.83 0.1 AB63 207 3.58 -0.9 PB18 187 3.51 -0.5 AB64 155 0.35 -0.1 PB20 199 4.23 -0.4 AB65 167 1.49 -0.3 PB21 195 3.93 -0.6 AB66 196 2.29 -0.5 PB26 192 3.94 -0.4 AB67 180 1.12 -0.2 PB27 195 4.18 -0.8 AB68 193 2.03 -0.6 PB29 200 4.02 -1.0 AB70 203 2.97 -0.1 PB54 196 3.39 -0.2 AB71 158 1.76 -0.6 PB55 199 3.86 -0.8 AB73 203 3.00 -0.3 PB59 199 4.11 -0.6 CR07 171 1.87 -1.6 PB67 194 5.93 -0.8 CR50 225 0.11 -0.1 PB68 202 3.49 -0.1 CR51 223 0.08 0.0 PB69 202 3.91 -0.3 CR53 231 0.21 0.0 PB70 207 3.58 -0.8 FT06 192 3.66 -1.7 PB71 198 3.65 -0.4 FT08 257 0.06 0.0 UB02 189 4.17 0.3 FT09 271 0.08 -0.1 *PVE3RP 195 0.01 0.0 F-5 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 6 of 20 October 10, 2022 to October 10, 2023 Movement Distances (Feet) & Directions as Indicated Note: Distances are exaggerated x 100 for viewing Enlargement (PVDS) Enlargement (Seaview) F-6 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 7 of 20 MONITORING POINT MONUMENT NOTES & STATUS See the May 2022 Survey Report for prior monument notes. 2023: 16 points added to the monitoring program as listed below. AB20 destroyed after October 2023 Survey and replaced by AB21. All other Point Descriptions are listed in prior Reports MONITORING POINT MONUMENT DESCRIPTIONS California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and NAVD88 Datums are listed in the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING….”. Point Description Points added in July and October 2023 AB21 2" Punched GIP in “Cable Box”, Replaced AB20 after Oct. 2023 survey PB72 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete PB73 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete PB74 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete PB75 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete CR54 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete CW05 Found ½” x 48” Punched Rebar in Concrete Collar set June 2022 for CalWater CW06 Found ½” x 48” Punched Rebar in Concrete Collar set June 2022 for CalWater CW07 Found ½” x 48” Punched Rebar in Concrete Collar set June 2022 for CalWater CW08 Found 2” Mag nail in Concrete Base of 3’ Bollard set June 2022 for CalWater KC19 2” Mag Nail Drilled in a Concrete Curb on South side of Dauntless Dr. KC20 2” Mag Nail Drilled in a Concrete Curb on West side of Excelsior Dr. KC21 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete KC22 2" mag nail & washer in conc. in 2"x 24" GIP Collared in Concrete KC23 2” Mag Nail Drilled in a Concrete Curb on South side of Admirable Dr. KC24 2” Mag Nail Drilled in the Southwest Corner of a Concrete Vault, KC02 planned replacement RP01 Check Point at Trump Golf Course established in July 2023 for verifying the recovery of a stabile reference frame. Point is the top open part of the “B” on the south side of the rim of a manhole on the south side of PVDS at Conqueror Dr. Addendum No. 1 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Early Winter Full Monitoring Survey No. M39 - January 13, 2024 A special Portuguese Bend Full Monitoring Surveys (M39) was requested by the City in January 2024. The average date of the survey is January 13, 2024, 3.1 months after the October 10, 2023 Initial Monitoring for 2023-2024 reported above. The M39 survey included 79 monitoring points representing the present full network. A central base station (usually occupying AB73) was not feasible due to the excessive rate of land movement and reliance was made on the remote Smartnet RTN Stations which resulted in a lesser accuracy. For this survey, this was not an issue since the signal (measured movement) was much greater than the noise of the measurements expected to be less than 0.05’. A typical minimally constrained adjustment, as described above for M38, was processed for M39 to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. The horizontal (2D) vector residuals averaged 0.03 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.02 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals averaged 0.04 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.04 feet. At the 95% Level of Confidence, estimated accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements is 0.05 feet. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS The network adjustment fixed point PVE3RP (an indirect fix on PVE3) and checked to other points found to be stable. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions in this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. The successful recovery of a stable reference frame (coordinate system) is confirmed. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP 0.00 0.00 0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall AB02 0.01 0.01 -0.05 Check Point at Portuguese Point RP01 -0.01 0.01 0.05 Check Point at Trump Golf Course F-7 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 8 of 20 Table of 2D & Vertical Movements for 3.1 Months October 10, 2023 (M38) & January 13, 2024 (M39) Listed below are the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two-dimensional horizontal movements, and the vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING (Revised 012224) 2007-Jan2024.xlsx”. Note: The horizontal measured movement confidence is estimated at +/-0.04’ (1/2”); therefore, indicated movements of less than 0.05’ are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is +/-0.08’. * = Control Point for Recovery of the Reference Frame. Point ID Azimuth° Horizontal Movement Vertical Movement Point ID Azimuth° Horizontal Movement Vertical Movement AB01 23 0.01 -0.1 KC13 188 0.44 0.0 AB02 27 0.01 0.0 KC14 262 0.03 0.0 AB04 223 3.52 -0.4 KC15 233 0.91 -0.3 AB05 230 2.76 -0.4 KC16 88 0.02 0.0 AB13 195 2.44 -0.4 KC17 218 0.80 -0.3 AB16 190 1.71 -0.1 KC18 200 2.03 -0.3 AB17 118 0.03 0.0 KC19 269 0.74 -0.2 AB21 197 2.80 0.1 KC20 277 0.67 -0.2 AB24 195 2.71 0.0 KC21 92 0.04 0.0 AB50 234 1.63 0.0 KC22 255 1.07 -0.5 AB51 200 2.08 0.0 KC23 237 0.57 -0.3 AB53 190 2.79 -0.3 KC24 199 1.22 -0.1 AB57 170 1.77 -0.5 PB04 202 2.63 0.0 AB58 179 2.50 -0.4 PB06 200 2.43 -0.2 AB59 185 3.11 -0.8 PB07 201 2.62 0.0 AB60 204 2.54 -0.2 PB08 201 2.60 0.0 AB62 203 2.62 -0.3 PB09 197 2.40 -0.1 AB63 207 2.79 -0.8 PB12 199 3.16 -0.3 AB64 128 0.19 0.0 PB13 199 2.51 0.0 AB65 167 1.98 -0.6 PB18 185 2.94 -0.5 AB66 193 2.41 -0.4 PB20 198 2.82 -0.3 AB67 181 1.56 -0.3 PB21 194 2.66 -0.5 AB68 191 2.28 -0.4 PB26 193 2.65 -0.2 AB70 200 2.85 -0.2 PB27 196 2.75 -0.5 AB71 158 1.35 -0.4 PB29 200 2.60 -0.7 AB73 202 2.52 -0.1 PB54 192 2.90 0.0 CR07 164 1.47 -1.2 PB55 198 2.88 -0.5 CR50 37 0.04 0.0 PB59 200 2.86 -0.3 CR51 107 0.04 0.2 PB67 195 3.32 -0.3 CR53 180 0.02 0.1 PB68 202 2.57 0.0 CR54 185 2.81 -0.9 PB69 201 2.82 -0.1 CW05 185 0.02 0.1 PB70 204 2.72 -0.3 CW06 59 0.05 0.1 PB71 197 2.90 0.0 FT06 191 2.48 -1.1 PB72 206 2.73 0.3 FT09 148 0.02 0.2 PB73 190 2.49 -0.4 KC02 193 1.30 0.0 PB74 193 3.08 -0.4 KC05 215 0.55 0.0 PB75 193 2.89 -0.1 KC06 256 0.94 -0.4 UB02 189 2.74 0.2 KC07 135 0.01 0.0 *PVE3RP 0 0 0.1 F-8 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 9 of 20 October 10, 2023 to January 13, 2024 Movement Distances (Feet) & Directions as Indicated Note: Movement distances exaggerated 100x for viewing Enlargement (PVDS) Enlargement (Seaview ) F-9 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 10 of 20 ASSESSMENT of MOVEMENT VELOCITIES & ACCELERATIONS 2014 to 2024 Others performed monitoring surveys of the Portuguese Bend land movement between 1994 and 2006. McGee Surveying Consulting assumed responsibility and defensibility for the Portuguese Bend Monitoring Program in 2007. The annual measured movements between 2007 and 2018 were fairly small and stable as shown below by the averages and maximums of a sampling of points for the 2014-2018 period. The fall 2019 monitoring survey found the annual rate of movements (velocities) increased (accelerated) about 4 to 6 times and remained stable for the next four years through 2022. A “year” here is defined as the 12-month period beginning with the rainy season on October 1st. Annual Average Movements in Feet, Maximum Movements & Change in the Average of a Sample of Points 2014-2018(4 Yrs) 2018-2022(4 Yrs) Change in ID Average Max. Average Max.__ _ Average AB20 0.09 0.20 0.48 0.54 +5X AB53 0.07 0.18 0.43 0.49 +6X AB68 0.05 0.11 0.31 0.32 +6X CR07 0.06 0.13 0.30 0.32 +5X KC06 0.04 0.09 0.16 0.22 +4X PB55 0.89 1.31 0.89 1.23 +1X (No Change) In the following twelve months between October 2022 and October 2023, the annual rate of movements were found to have again accelerated. The table below shows a sample of points within Abalone Cove (AB), Klondike Canyon (KC) and Portuguese Bend (PB). The left half of the table compares the annual movements and rate of movements per month for the October 2021 to October 2022 with the October 2022 to October 2023 period. The annual rate of movement for the sample averages in each slide increased about 6x for AB, 8x for KC and 5x for PB. In the same 12-month period between October 2022 and October 2023, accelerations were noted in the first seven months over the previous year and again in the last five months over the previous seven months as shown in the right half of the table below. The average rate of movement in each slide for these samples in the first seven months October 2022 through April 2023 increased about 3x for AB, 4x for KC and 2x for PB over the previous 12-month period of October 2021 to October 2022. The average rate of movements in each slide for the samples in the last five months May 2023 to October 2023 increased 4x for AB, 4x for KC and 3x for PB over the previous seven months. October 2021 to October 2023 Movements & Rates per Month (Feet) M32 > M34 (12 Mo.) M34 > M38 (12 Mo.) M34 > M36 (7 Mo.) M36 > M38 (5 Mo.) Point Oct '21 > Oct '22 Oct '22 > Oct '23 Oct '22 > May '23 May '22 > Oct '23 Movement Rate/Mo Movement Rate/Mo Movement Rate/Mo Movement Rate/Mo AB20 0.51 0.042 3.06 0.255 0.84 0.119 2.22 0.444 AB53 0.49 0.041 2.75 0.229 0.74 0.105 2.01 0.403 AB58 0.41 0.034 2.22 0.185 0.60 0.085 1.62 0.325 AB60 0.45 0.038 2.69 0.224 0.80 0.114 1.90 0.379 AB67 0.18 0.015 1.12 0.094 0.32 0.046 0.80 0.160 AB68 0.32 0.027 2.03 0.169 0.54 0.077 1.49 0.299 AB70 0.48 0.040 2.97 0.248 0.84 0.120 2.14 0.427 CR07 0.31 0.026 1.87 0.156 0.44 0.062 1.43 0.287 Av Move 0.39 0.033 2.34 0.195 0.64 0.091 1.70 0.340 KC06 0.16 0.014 1.34 0.111 0.33 0.047 1.01 0.202 KC13 0.09 0.007 0.70 0.058 0.19 0.027 0.51 0.102 KC17 0.14 0.012 1.24 0.104 0.31 0.044 0.93 0.187 Av Move 0.13 0.011 1.09 0.091 0.27 0.039 0.82 0.163 PB55 0.80 0.067 3.86 0.321 1.06 0.151 2.80 0.560 PB70 0.72 0.060 3.58 0.299 1.14 0.163 2.44 0.488 Av Move 0.76 0.063 3.72 0.310 1.10 0.157 2.62 0.524 F-10 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 11 of 20 Movement & Rate of Movement per Month In the last 3-month period October 10, 2023 to January 13, 2024, accelerations were noted again relative to the previous 12-months. The average rate of movements in each slide for the last 3-months for these samples increased about 4x for AB, 3x for KC and 3x for PB over the previous 12-month period of October 2022 to October 2023. RECOMMENDATION Continuity in the methods, precision and reporting of the monitoring surveys are necessary to evaluating results relative to and consistent with prior 2007-2024 monitoring survey campaigns. Monitoring survey campaigns require the services of an independent GNSS/Geodetic expert to evaluate and validate results to assure program integrity and defensibility. Maintaining a clearing of foliage in a 10’ radius around monitoring points and trimming nearby trees and brush above eye height is necessary to assure a clear view of the sky for tracking satellites. Satellites, although unseen, can appear anywhere in the sky above the horizon and the radio signals passing through foliage degrade the required survey accuracy and productivity. Points AB04, AB13, AB17, AB24, AB51, AB58, AB66, PB18, PB54, PB55, CR51 and CR53 have foliage obstructions limiting sky (satellite) visibility and require clearing to facilitate accurate results of the surveys. Point M38 > M39 (3.1 Mo.) Oct. 10, 2023 to Jan. 13, 2024 Movement Rate/Mo AB20 2.80 0.903 AB53 2.79 0.900 AB58 2.50 0.806 AB60 2.54 0.819 AB67 1.56 0.503 AB68 2.28 0.735 AB70 2.85 0.919 CR07 1.47 0.474 Average 2.35 0.758 KC06 0.94 0.303 KC13 0.44 0.142 KC17 0.80 0.258 Average 0.73 0.236 PB55 2.88 0.929 PB70 2.72 0.877 Average 2.80 0.903 F-11 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 12 of 20 Addendum No. 2 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Partial Monitoring Survey No. M40 – March 8, 2024 This is the mid-winter Partial Monitoring Survey No. M40 Report. The average date of the survey is March 8, 2024, 1.8 months after the January 13, 2024 Full Monitoring Survey. The survey included 44 monitoring points and 3 reference control points. Occupying a central base station (usually AB73) was not feasible due to the excessive rate of land movement and reliance was made on the remote Smartnet RTN Stations which resulted in a lesser accuracy. For this survey, this was not an issue since the signal (measured movement) was much greater than the noise of the measurements expected to be about less than 0.05’. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A typical minimally constrained network adjustment, as described above for survey M38, was processed for M40 to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. The adjustment fixed point PVE3RP and checked to other points expected to be and found stable. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions in this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP 0.00 0.00 0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall AB02 0.02 0.01 -0.09 Check Point on Portuguese Point RP01 0.00 0.02 -0.10 Check Point at Trump Golf Course The successful recovery of a stable horizontal reference frame confirmed. The Z height variations are attribted to the noise in the Smartnet Network solution. RP01 is intended to replace AB02. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 1.8 Months January 13, 2024 (M39) to March 8, 2024 (M40) The general rate of land movement increased significantly over the January 13, 2024 survey assessment. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two-dimensional horizontal movements, and the vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average month. Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals averaged 0.04 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals averaged 0.04 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. At the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements is estimated to be less than 0.04’. Movements of less than 0.05’ are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is 0.06’ to 0.09’. Addendum No. 3 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Partial Monitoring Survey No. M41 – April 17, 2024 This is the Spring Partial Monitoring Survey No. M41 Addendum Report. The field survey took place April 16- 18, 2024, average date of April 17, 2024, 1.35 months after the last March 8, 2024 Monitoring Survey. The survey included 55 monitoring points and 3 reference control points. Eleven new monitoring points were set and surveyed. The location of two new points were identified and will be surveyed on the next campaign in late May after the monuments are set by others. See the points descriptions below. F-12 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 13 of 20 Occupying previous base stations was not feasible due to the excessive rate of land movement. The Smartnet RTN Network does not require a base station but results in a somewhat lesser accuracy. Smartnet may be used in the future; however, it was deemed beneficial to establish a new base station outside the slide complex to facilitate future surveys. A new base station point “RP02” was set westerly of the slide complex and north of Abalone Cove Park. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A typical minimally constrained adjustment, as described above for the M38 survey, was processed for M41 to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. A least sqaures network adjustment was fixed at point PVE3RP to establish a position on the base at RP02 and thereby all other points in the survey. A check to RP01 easterluy outside the slide complex was made as noted below. This process will be the standard on future surveys. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions in this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP 0.00 0.00 0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall RP01 -0.01 0.00 -0.03 Check Point at Trump Golf Course The successful recovery of a stable horizontal reference frame is confirmed. Point AB02 replaced by RP01, was used in previous surveys to also confirm recovery of the reference frame has limited access do to the slides. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 1.35 Months March 8, 2024 (M40) to April 17, 2024 (M41) The general rate of land movement increased significantly over the March survey. On average the velocities increased 76% with a maximum of 143%. Eight points doubled their velocities in the last six weeks over the previous eight weeks. In Abalone Cove and Portuguese Bend Slides many points are moving about three feet per month and in the Seaside Klondike Canyon Slide about ¾ of a foot per month. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two-dimensional horizontal movements, and the vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average month. Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals averaged 0.04 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals averaged 0.04 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The land is moving 0.05’ to 0.10’ daily. Most points are measured a day apart resulting in large residuals but accurate positions of the mean coordinate. Therefore, it is at estimated the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements is estimated to be less than 0.03’. Movements of less than 0.04’ are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is 0.05’ to 0.10’. Monitoring Point Monument Descriptions See prior Reports for all other Point Descriptions. See the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING….” for California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and NAVD88 Datums n Point Description of Points added in April 2024 AB74 8" Spike set as temporary monument to be replaced with a 2” GIP by others AB75 8" Spike set as temporary monument to be replaced with a 2” GIP by others AB76 8" Spike set as temporary monument to be replaced with a 2” GIP by others AB77 Location identified, 2” GIP to be set by others CR55 Set Mag Nail drilled in a Concrete walk/valley gutter CR56 Location identified, 2” GIP to be set by others KC25 Set Mag Nail drilled in a concrete & rock wall KC26 Set Mag Nail drilled in a concrete wall KC27 Set Mag Nail drilled in a concrete 6’ fire pit KC28 Set Mag Nail drilled in a concrete headwall KC29 Set Mag Nail drilled in a concrete headwall KC30 8" Spike set as temporary monument to be replaced with a 2” GIP by others KC31 8" Spike set as temporary monument to be replaced with a 2” GIP by others RP02 ½” x 4’ rebar in large sloping meadow with T-bar witness for new base station F-13 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 14 of 20 Addendum No. 4 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Full Monitoring Survey No. M42 – May 28, 2024 This is Full Monitoring Survey No. 42 Addendum Report. The field survey took place May 27-30, 2024, with an average date of May 28, 2024, 1.35 months after the last April 17, 2024 Partial Monitoring Survey. The survey included 93 monitoring points and 3 reference control points. Two new monitoring points (AB77 & CR56) were set and surveyed. Seven temporary monuments were reset with a permanent monument. Monuments CW01, CW07 and CW08, set in 2022 for CalWater, were adopted for the purpose of these surveys. See the point descriptions below. There are 14 monitoring points in the upper portion of the Reserve which are now difficult and time consuming to access due to the slides. An assistant provided by sub-contractor Chris Nelson & Associates (CNA) has been assigned these locations beginning with this May survey. CNA conducted their survey measurements with a Trimble R12 referenced to the Smartnet RTN for positioning. These monitoring point observations were referenced to the RPV Portuguese Bend network by way of connections to RP01, RP02 & PVE3RP. In the late June survey, CAN will be using Leica instrument similar to those used by McGee Surveying Consulting to assure the highest precision and increased productivity. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A minimally constrained adjustment, as described above for the above M38 Survey Report, was processed for M42 to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. A least sqaures network adjustment was fixed at point PVE3RP to establish a position on the base at RP02 and thereby all other points in the survey. A check to RP01 easterly outside the slide complex and other nearly stable points were made as noted below. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions by this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall RP01 -0.00 0.01 -0.01 RP02 -0.03 0.02 -0.01 AB02 0.00 -0.02 0.09 The successful recovery of a stable reference frame is confirmed. Point RP01 is intended to superseded AB02 used in previous surveys to confirm recovery of the reference frame. AB02 now has limited access do to the slides. Additionally, California Spatial Reference Center CGPS (Continous Operating GPS Stations) PVE3 and PVHS are incorporated from time to time to verify the stability of the refence frame. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 1.35 Months April 17, 2024 (M41) to May 28, 2024 (M42) The general rate of land movement increased in the last six weeks over the April survey. On average the velocities increased about 40% which is an increased rate of movement; however, the rate of acceleration is less than the estimated average of 76% in the previous six weeks. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two- dimensional horizontal movements, and the vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average 30.42-day month. Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals are estimated at 0.02 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals are estimated at 0.03 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.04 feet. The rate of land movement varies and is as much as 0.12’ daily. It is estimated at the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements is estimated to be 0.04-0.06’. Movements less than the F-14 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 15 of 20 Confidence Interval are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is 0.05’ to 0.10’. Monitoring Point Monument Descriptions See prior Reports for all other Point Descriptions. See the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING….” for California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and NAVD88 Datums n Addendum No. 5 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Full Monitoring Survey No. M43 – July 1, 2024 This is Full Monitoring Survey No. 43 Addendum Report. The field survey took place June 30, 2024 to July 3, 2024 with an average date taken as July 1, 2024, 1.12 months after the last May 28 Monitoring Survey. The survey included 93 monitoring points and 3 reference control points. 14 monitoring points in the upper portion of the Reserve require about three miles of hiking to access due to the slides. An assistant provided by sub-contractor Chris Nelson & Associates (CNA) is assigned these locations. A loaner GS18 Leica instrument same as used by McGee Surveying Consulting (MSC) and connected to MSC’s RTK base station is utilized to assure the highest precision and increased productivity. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A minimally constrained adjustment, as described above for the above M38 Survey Report, was processed for M43 to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. A least sqaures network adjustment was fixed at point PVE3RP to verify the position on the base at RP02 and thereby all points in the survey. A check to RP01 easterly outside the slide complex, AB02 and other nearly stable points were made as noted below. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions by this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall RP01 +0.01 -0.01 -0.00 RP02 -0.03 0.02 -0.01 AB02 -0.01 -0.02 +0.03 PVE3 +0.01 +0.00 -0.11 CSRC CGPS Station at City Hall Recovery and confirmation of a stable reference frame is essential to assess the actual movement of the monitoruing points. The diffeences listed above are at the noise level of the measurements confirming a successful recovery of the reference frame. Because AB02 has limited access do to the slides, Point RP01 is intended to suplement AB02 used in previous surveys to confirm recovery of the reference frame. Additionally, California Spatial Reference Center CGPS (Continous Operating GPS Stations) PVE3 and PVHS are incorporated to verify the stability and recovery of the refence frame. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 1.12 Months M42 to M43 The rate of land movement varies and averages about 3 feet per average month with a maximum of 4.88 feet. The general rate of land movement increased about 25% on average; however, the rate of acceleration is less as indicated by the estimated average increase of 41% in the rate of land movement in the previous month. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two-dimensional horizontal movements, and the vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average 30.42-day month. F-15 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 16 of 20 Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals are estimated at 0.02 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals are estimated at 0.03 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.04 feet. It is estimated at the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements is estimated to be 0.04-0.06’. Movements less than the Confidence Interval are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is 0.05’ to 0.10’. Monitoring Point Monument Descriptions See prior Reports for Point Descriptions. See the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING….” for California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and elevations in the NAVD88 Datum. Point Description: Update of Points set in April & May AB74 1/2” x 4’ rebar encased in concrete witnessed by a steel t-bar post AB75 1/2” x 4’ rebar encased in concrete witnessed by a steel t-bar post AB76 1/2” x 4’ rebar encased in concrete witnessed by a steel t-bar post AB77 1” x 24” GIP with cap “Control Point” encased in concrete witnessed by a steel t-bar post CR56 1” x 24” GIP with cap “Control Point” encased in concrete witnessed by a steel t-bar post CW07 ½” x 4’ punched rebar in concrete with T-bar witness post CW08 ½” x 4’ punched rebar in concrete with T-bar witness post KC30 1/2” x 4’ rebar encased in concrete witnessed by a steel t-bar post KC31 8” spike set between two steel posts in line with a string of boulders KC32 Temporary reference to KC31, took west side of chain link fence post south of PVDS KC33 Found 1.5” GIP for Property Corner on top of dyke RP02 ½” x 4’ punched rebar in concrete in large sloping meadow witnessed by a steel T-bar post Addendum No. 6 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Full Monitoring Survey No. M44 – August 1, 2024 This is Full Monitoring Survey No. 44 Addendum Report. The field survey took place July 30, 2024 to August 3, 2024 with an average date taken as August 1, 2024, 1.02 months after the last July 1 Monitoring Survey. The survey included 98 monitoring points and 3 reference control points (RP01, RP02, PVE3RP & AB02). Many of the monitoring points in the upper portion of the Reserve require substantial hiking for access due to the slides. An assistant provided by sub-contractor Chris Nelson & Associates (CNA) is assigned these locations. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A minimally constrained adjustment, as described above for the above M38 Survey Report, was processed for M44 to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. A least sqaures network adjustment was fixed at point PVE3RP to verify the position at the base station point RP02 and thereby all points in the survey. A check to RP01 easterly outside the slide complex, AB02 and other nearly stable points were made as noted below. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions by this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP -0.00 -0.00 -0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall RP01 0.03 -0.03 0.01 Check Point RP02 -0.00 0.01 0.07 Base Station AB02 -0.01 0.00 0.07 Check Point AB17 0.00 0.00 0.05 Point Historically Not Moving CW01 0.01 0.02 0.11 Point Historically Not Moving KC16 0.00 0.01 0.10 Point Historically Not Moving F-16 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 17 of 20 Recovery and confirmation of a stable reference frame is essential to assess the actual movement of the monitoruing points. The diffeences listed above are at the noise level of the measurements confirming a successful recovery of the reference frame. Because AB02 has limited access do to the slides, Point RP01 is intended to supplement AB02 used in previous surveys to confirm recovery of the reference frame. Additionally, California Spatial Reference Center CGPS (Continous Operating GPS Stations) PVE3 and PVHS are incorporated at times for additional verification of the stability and recovery of the refence frame. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 1.02 Months M43 to M44 The rate of land movement varies and averaged about 2.8 feet per average month in the last period with a maximum of 4.69 feet per month. The general change in the rate of land movement (velocity) slowed and varied from about -13% to +13% and averaged nearly zero. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two- dimensional horizontal movements, vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average 30.42-day month. Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals are estimated at 0.02 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals are estimated at 0.03 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.04 feet. It is estimated at the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements is estimated to be 0.04’. Movements less than the Confidence Interval are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is about 0.05’ to 0.10’. Monitoring Point Monument Descriptions See prior Reports for Point Descriptions. See the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING….” for California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and elevations in the NAVD88 Datum. Points AB71 and CR07 destroyed since the last monitoring survey by slides and construction. Point Description: Update of Set Points AB78 2” Magnetic Nail drilled in a concrete curb on the N. side of Vanderlip Dr., replaced AB71 CR57 ½” x 4’ punched rebar in concrete with T-bar witness post, replaces CR07 KC34 2” Magnetic Nail set in Stalwart Dr. East of Schooner Dr. KC35 2” Magnetic Nail set in Xn of Schooner & Stalwart Dr. KC36 2” Magnetic Nail set in Xn of Schooner & Admirable Dr. KC37 Punch mark on north side Sewer MH in Admirable Dr. East of Schooner Dr. Addendum No. 7 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Full Monitoring Survey No. M45 – September 4, 2024 This is Full Monitoring Survey No. 45 Addendum Report. The field survey took place September 3, 2024 to September 6, 2024 with an average date taken as September 4, 2024, 1.12 months after the last Monitoring Survey. The survey included 102 monitoring points and 3 reference control points (RP01, RP02, PVE3RP & AB02). Many of the monitoring points in the upper portion of the Reserve require substantial hiking for access due to the slides. An assistant provided by sub-contractor Chris Nelson & Associates (CNA) is assigned these locations. F-17 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 18 of 20 ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A minimally constrained adjustment was processed for the M45 survey to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. A least sqaures network adjustment was fixed at point PVE3RP to verify the position at the base station point RP02 and thereby all points in the survey. A check to RP01 easterly outside the slide complex, AB02 and other nearly stable points were made as noted below. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions by this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ AB02 -0.024 -0.022 0.00 Check Point PVE3RP -0.000 -0.000 -0.00 Fixed Reference at City Hall RP01 -0.017 0.007 0.05 Check Point RP02 0.014 0.001 0.02 Base Station Recovery and confirmation of a stable reference frame is essential to assess the actual movement of the monitoruing points. The diffeences listed above are at the noise level of the measurements confirming a successful recovery of the reference frame. Because AB02 has limited access do to the slides, Point RP01 is intended to supplement AB02 used in previous surveys to confirm recovery of the reference frame. Additionally, California Spatial Reference Center CGPS (Continous Operating GPS Stations) PVE3 and PVHS are incorporated periodically for additional verification of the stability and recovery of the refence frame. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 1.12 Months M44 to M45 The rate of land movement varies and averaged about 2.6 feet per average month in the last period with a maximum of 4.0 feet per month. The general change in the rate of land movement (velocity) slowed and varied from about -25% to +1% and averaged -13%. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…M??. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two- dimensional horizontal movements, vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average 30.42-day month. Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals are estimated at 0.02 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals are estimated at 0.03 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.04 feet. It is estimated at the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements are estimated at 0.04’. Movements less than the Confidence Interval are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is about 0.05’ to 0.10’. Monitoring Point Monument Notes & Descriptions See prior Reports for existing point descriptions. See the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…M??.” for California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and elevations in the NAVD88 Datum. Points KC27 and PB73 were destroyed since the last monitoring survey by construction. PB73 was reset nearby as new point PB76. Other new points are reported as follows: AB79, AB80, CR55A (replaces CR55), CR58, CR59, FT10, & KC38 on the offshore uplift. The uplifted area is generally about 11 feet above mean lower low water. Points KC34, KC35, KC36 & KC37 were set last month along and easterly of Schooner to assess if movement was occurring in that area. No movement was detected above the noise level of the measurements. Point Description: Update of Set Points AB79 Found L&T on curb of 31&34 San Clemente Dr. AB80 2” Magnetic Nail drilled into the asphalt road on Santa Catalina Dr. CR55A Punch in center of square plastic marker in centerline of Valley View Dr. CR58 Set 5/8”x 4’ rebar/ plastic cap “Control Pt” CR59 Set 5/8”x 4’ rebar/ plastic cap “Control Pt” FT10 Set 1”x 18” GIP/ plastic cap “Control Pt” KC38 8” Spike on small bentonite rise in uplift 300’ south of old shoreline F-18 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 19 of 20 Addendum No. 8 Report Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Survey Full Monitoring Survey No. M46 – September 20, 2024 This is Partial Monitoring Survey No. 46 Addendum Report. The field survey took place September 20 2024 0.53 months after the last Monitoring Survey. The survey included 19 monitoring points along PVDS and 4 reference control points (RP01, RP02, RP03 & PVE3RP). Many of the monitoring points in the upper portion of the Reserve require substantial hiking for access due to the slides. An assistant provided by sub-contractor Chris Nelson & Associates (CNA) is assigned these locations. ADJUSTMENTS & ANALYSIS A minimally constrained adjustment was processed for the M46 survey to develop NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 CA Zone 5 State Plane Coordinates and NAVD88 Heights. A least sqaures network adjustment was fixed at point RP02 and a check was made to PVE3RP and RP01 noted below. Differences from the known fixed positions to the measured positions by this survey are listed here with their north, east and vertical components in feet. Differences in Feet ID dN dE dZ_ PVE3RP 0.008 0.004 0.02 Reference at City Hall RP01 -0.029 0.003 0.02 Check Point RP02 0.000 0.000 0.00 Fixed Base Station Recovery and confirmation of a stable reference frame is essential to assess the actual movement of the monitoruing points. The diffeences listed above are at the noise level of the measurements confirming a successful recovery of the reference frame. Additionally, California Spatial Reference Center CGPS (Continous Operating GPS Stations) PVE3 and PVHS are incorporated periodically for additional verification of the stability and recovery of the refence frame. 2D Horizontal & Vertical Movements for 0.56 Months M45 to M46 The rate of land movement for this sub-set of 19 points along PVDS varies and averaged about 1.9 feet per average month in the last period with a maximum of 2.6 feet per month. The general change in the rate of land movement (velocity) slowed and varied from about -47% to -7% and averaged -27%. See the attached spreadsheet “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…M??. .xlsx” for the movement Azimuths (directions clockwise from North) in degrees, the two-dimensional horizontal movements, vertical (elevation) changes during the period in US Survey Feet. See also the column for the rate of movement for each period annualized for an average 30.42-day month. Accuracy Statements The horizontal (2D) vector residuals are estimated at 0.02 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.03 feet. The absolute value of the vertical residuals are estimated at 0.03 feet with a Standard Deviation of 0.04 feet. It is estimated at the 95% Level of Confidence, the accuracy of the horizontal (2D) movements are estimated at 0.04’. Movements less than the Confidence Interval are statistically indeterminate. The estimated vertical measured movement confidence is about 0.05’ to 0.10’. Monitoring Point Monument Notes & Descriptions See prior Reports for existing point descriptions. See the attached spreadsheet file “PB MOVEMENT DATA POSTING…M??.” for California State Plane Coordinates Zone 5 in the NAD83 (2007) Epoch 2007.00 and elevations in the NAVD88 Datum. F-19 McGEE SURVEYING CONSULTING 5290 Overpass Road, Ste#107, Santa Barbara, CA 93111 Page 20 of 20 A new reference point RP03 was set northeast of RP02 to allow for operating a second base station and for checking. Point Description: Update of Set Points RP03 Set 1/2”x 4’ rebar in open field, bears N69-30E 44.37’ from RP02 SURVEYOR'S STATEMENT The M38 Fall October 2023 Full Survey and subsequent 2024 Surveys and Addendum Reports on the procedures, criteria, and results of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes Portuguese Bend Land Movement Monitoring Surveys were prepared by me on October 30, 2023 and updated Sept. 25, 2024 at the request of Ramzi Awwad, Director of Public Works for the City of Rancho Palos Verdes. F-20 G-1 G-2 G-3 G-4 G-5 G-6