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CC SR 20240507 03 - Legislative Update CITY COUNCIL MEETING DATE: 05/07/2024 AGENDA REPORT AGENDA HEADING: Regular Business AGENDA TITLE: Consideration and possible action to take positions on certain legislation being considered by state law makers. RECOMMENDED COUNCIL ACTION: (1) Authorize the Mayor to sign position letters in support of Assembly Bill (AB) No. 2583 (School Zones and Walk Zones) and AB 2715 (Ralph M. Brown Act: closed session); (2) Authorize the Mayor to sign position letters in opposition of AB 1886 (Housing Element Law: substantially compliant), AB 1893 (Housing Accountability Act), AB 1820 (Housing Development Projects), and Senate Bill (SB) 1037 (Housing Element Law); and (3) Adopt Resolution No. 2024-__ supporting the Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act. FISCAL IMPACT: None Amount Budgeted: N/A Additional Appropriation: N/A Account Number(s): N/A ORIGINATED BY: Shaunna Hunter, MPA, Senior Administrative Analyst REVIEWED BY: Same as below APPROVED BY: Ara Mihranian, AICP, City Manager ATTACHED SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS: A. Draft letter in support of AB 2583 (page A-1) B. Draft letter of opposition to AB 1886 (page B-1) C. Draft letter of opposition to AB 1893 (page C-1) D. Draft letter of opposition unless amended to AB 1820 (page D-1) E. Draft letter of opposition to SB 1037 (page E-1) F. Draft letter in support of AB 2715 (page F-1) G. Draft Resolution No. 2024-__ in support of Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act (page G-1) H. 2024 City Council Legislative Platform I. Text of AB 2583 (as amended April 8, 2024) 1 RANCHO PALOS VERDES J. AB 1886 (as amended April 15, 2024) K. Bill analyses for AB 1886 and AB 2023 (page K-1) L. AB 1893 (as amended April 18, 2024) M. AB1820 (as amended April 29, 2024) N. SB 937 (as amended April 8, 2024) O. SB 1037 (as amended April 25, 2024) P. AB 2715 (as amended April 24, 2024) BACKGROUND: On December 19, 2023, the City Council adopted the City’s 2024 Legislative Platform (Attachment H), outlining the policy positions of the City. The platform identifies specific priority projects which include the Portuguese Bend Landslide Remediation Project and Civic Center Master Plan along with general priority categories Housing and Local Land Use, Public Safety, Community Services, Environmental Quality, and Government Transparency and Effectiveness. During February and March of this year, some Council member had the opportunity to meet individually with Renne Public Policy Group (RPPG), the City’s state lobbyist, to discuss their priorities. In addition, Staff meets regularly with RPPG and receives monthly reports, bill analyses, updates on amendments proposed to pending legislation , and bill committee status. As a member city of the League of California Cities (Cal Cities), the City Council and Staff receive additional bill analyses, position recommendations, and monthly update bulletins on pending legislation. Additionally, the City Attorney advises on the impacts of legislation to department staff. DISCUSSION: Based on the 2024 Legislative Platform and direction from the Subcommittee (Mayor Cruikshank and Councilmember Seo) and the City Manager, Staff has drafted position letters for the City Council’s consideration on the following pending legislative items: AB 2583 (Berman) School Zones and Walk Zones (Attachment I) Position: Support Bill Category: Public Safety Bill Summary: Under the existing planning and zoning law, cities and counties are mandated to adopt a comprehensive general plan, inclusive of various elements such as a circulation element for transportation route planning. This proposed bill introduces an additional requirement, following any substantial revision, of the circulation element beginning January 1, 2025. The proposed bill states that a legislative body of a city or county must delineate and establish school walk zones for all schools noted in the general 2 plan. These "school walk zones" would encompass all roadways and sidewalks extending half a mile in all directions from the boundary line of school grounds. Staff recommends supporting AB 2583 due to the public safety impact such as slower speeds will have on pedestrian and vehicle traffic near schools. Starting January 1, 2027, this bill lowers the speed limit in school zones to 20 mph during specific times when children are likely to be present. It also allows local authorities to establish alternative times for the speed limit if they are within an hour of school operation. Additionally, it mandates the identification of school walk zones within a half -mile radius of schools whenever there's a substantial change to a local authority's circulation plan. This replaces the existing 25 mph limit within 500 feet of schools. The existing law allows for 25 or 15 mph limits depending on certain factors and defines th e criteria for speed limits near schools to avoid being classified as speed traps. AB 1886 (Alvarez) Housing Element Law: substantial compliance: Housing Accountability Act (Attachment J) Position: Oppose Bill Category: Housing and Local Land Use Bill Summary: The planning and zoning law mandates cities and counties establish a general plan for land use development within their boundaries, which must include a housing element. Known as the housing element law, existing legislation sets forth requirements for the preparation and adherence to a city's or county's housing element. It also tasks the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) with reviewing and determining whether the housing element substantially complies with housing element law. If the department finds that a draft housing element or amendment falls short of substantial compliance, existing law stipulates that the legislative body must either adjust the draft to achieve substantial compliance, or adopt the draft housing element or amendment without changes and provide specific justifications for its compliance despite the department's findings. Additionally, existing law mandates that a planning agency promptly submit any adopted housing element or amendment to the department for review, with the department required to report its findings to the planning agency within 60 days. The proposed bill necessitates planning agencies to submit specific findings to the department alongside an adopted housing element or amendment that justifies a substantial compliance position. See the b ill analyses for AB 1886 prepared by RPPG (Attachment K). Staff recommends opposing AB 1886, as this proposed bill introduces a new requirement for a planning agency to makes findings justifying substantial compliance. Furthermore, the bill mandates HCD consider these findings in its review of an adopted housing element or amendment. Moreover, the bill establishes a rebuttable presumption of validity for the department's determinations regarding whether the adopted element or amendment substantially complies with housing element law. 3 AB 1893 (Wicks) Housing Accountability Act: Housing Disapprovals: required land findings (Attachment L) Position: Oppose Bill Category: Housing and Local Land Use Bill Summary: The planning and zoning law mandates that a city or county must establish a comprehensive plan for land use development within its jurisdiction, including a housing element. The housing element must adhere to the requirements outlined in the housing element law, which sets forth guidelines for its preparation and compliance. Additionally, HCD is tasked with reviewing the housing element to ensure substantial compliance with housing element law. Moreover, the Housing Accountability Act, among its provisions, prohibits local agencies from rejecting or imposing conditions that would render impractical a housing development project targeting very low, low-, or moderate-income households, unless specific conditions are met and documented. One such condition under this act is that the jurisdiction must have a housing element substantially compliant with housing element law and must have met or exceeded its allocation of regional housing needs for the proposed income category. Presently, "housing for very low, low-, or moderate-income households" under the Housing Accountability Act is defined as follows: at least 20% of the total units must be designated for lower-income households, or all units must be designated for moderate - income households. Staff recommends opposing AB 1893, as this proposed bill aims to amend the housing for very low, low-, or moderate-income households definition by requiring at least 10% of the units to be allocated for lower-income households, or all units to be designated for lower-income households at an affordable rent as determined by the California Tax Credit Allocation Committee. Alternatively, all units can be sold or rented to moderate -income individuals and families, or the housing development can consist of 10 units or fewer. Furthermore, the bill seeks to remove the aforementioned condition as a valid reason for rejecting a housing development project for very low, low-, or moderate-income households. Additional provisions of this bill address existing laws pertaining to these matters. AB1820 (Schiavo) Housing Development Projects: Applications: fees and exactions (Attachment M) Position: Oppose unless amended Bill Category: Government Transparency and Effectiveness Bill Summary: Current law mandates that a city or county must consider an applica nt for a housing development project to have officially submitted a preliminary application upon the provision of specific project details to the respective city or county seeking approval. Furthermore, the law stipulates that such a housing development proj ect is to be 4 governed solely by the ordinances, policies, and standards in place at the time of the submission of the preliminary application. This proposed bill seeks to empower a development proponent who submits a preliminary application for a housing development project to request an estimate of preliminary fees and exactions, as defined. The bill also mandates that the local agency must furnish this estimate within 20 business days of the submission of the preliminary application. In instances where development fee s are imposed by an agency other than a city or county, the bill necessitates the development proponent to solicit the preliminary fee and exaction estimate directly from the agency imposing the fee. Additionally, this bill includes other pertinent provisi ons and aligns with existing laws. Staff recommends opposing AB 1820 unless it is amended to specify that this measure would only apply to standardized general fees known at the time of the preliminary application and not apply to project specific fees. Local governments need protections that the estimated fees and exactions are nonbinding and should be granted the authority to cover the cost of services provided by the local government for a new development project. SB 1037 (Wiener) Planning and Zoning: housing element: enforcement (Attachment N) Position: Oppose Bill Category: Housing and Local Land Use Bill Summary: The current planning and zoning law mandates cities and counties formulate a comprehensive general plan for land use development, which must incorporate a housing element. HCD is tasked with assessing whether the housing element complies substantially with specified provisions of the law. Should a city, county, or city and county contravene certain provisions of the law, HCD is obligated to inform them of their violation, and is empowered to notify the Attorney General's office. Furthermore, the law stipulates that applications for housing developments meeting specific objective planning criteria must undergo a streamlined, ministerial approval process. This proposed bill aims to enhance enforcement measures concerning the adoption of housing element revisions and compliance with state laws mandating ministerial approval for housing development projects. Under this bill, in any legal action initiated by the Attorney General, either on behalf of HCD or independently, to enforce housing element revisions or any state law necessitating ministerial approval for housing development projects, the city, county, o r local agency in violation would be subject to specified penalties. These penalties would entail a fine ranging from a minimum of $10,000 to a maximum of $50,000 per month per violation. Staff recommends opposing AB 1037, as the bill mandates that these civil penalties, as delineated, be allocated to the Building Homes and Jobs Trust Fund exclusively to support the development of affordable housing within the affected jurisdiction, subject to appropriation by the Legislature. Should a city, county, or local agency fail to remit the 5 imposed civil penalties, the court is empowered to direct the Controller to intercept available state and local funds, directing them to the Building Homes and Jobs Trust Fund to rectify the jurisdiction's non-compliance with payment obligations. AB 2715 (Boerner) Ralph B. Brown Act: Closed Session (Attachment O) Position: Support Bill Category: Government Transparency and Effectiveness Bill Summary: The Ralph M. Brown Act mandates transparency in the proceedings of local agency legislative bodies, ensuring open access for all interested individuals. While current law permits closed sessions on specific issues, such as those endangering essential public services, this proposed bill seeks to extend this allowance to include discussions concerning cybersecurity matters. However, it stipulate s that any decisions made regarding cybersecurity must be finalized in an open session. This bill also encompasses additional relevant provisions and aligns with existing laws. Staff recommends supporting AB 2715 to give legislative bodies the authority to address critical issues of security and safety within the space of a closed session to preserve the integrity and infrastructure of cyber security. Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act Position: Adopt resolution in support of the ballot initiative Bill Category: Public Safety Bill Summary: The Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act proposes comprehensive reforms to address the intertwined issues of homelessness, drug addiction, and theft in California. Recognizing the detrimental effects of Proposition 47, which reduced legal consequences for drug possession and theft, the act aims to reverse the resulting surge in addiction, mental illness, and property crimes. By introducing a new class of crime termed "treatment-mandated felony," the act offers individuals addicted to hard drugs, such as fentanyl, the option of participating in drug and mental health treatment to avoid incarceration. The act seeks to crack down on drug dealers by imposing harsher penalties, particularly for those dealing in fentanyl, which has emerged as a deadly threat due to its potency and prevalence. Additionally, the act reinstates felony charges for repeat theft offenders and introduces measures to address organized thefts like "smash -and-grabs," providing enhanced penalties for thefts committed by multiple offenders or resulting in significant losses. By permitting judges to exercise discretion in sentencing, the act aims to tailor punishments to fit the severity of the crime while offering diversion programs for non - violent offenders. Staff recommends supporting the Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act, as the act strives to break the cycle of addiction and homelessness by providing access to treatment and support services while holding individuals accountable for their actions. It represents a concerted effort to address the root causes of these issues and create safer, more resilient communities across the state. 6 Attached for the City Council’s consideration is a resolution in support of the Act (Attachment G). CONCLUSION: Staff has provided summaries of pending bills and a ballot initiative and has drafted corresponding position letters and a resolution in line with the 2024 Legislative Platform for the City Council’s consideration. Staff recommends the City Council authorize the Mayor to sign the letters as drafted, or with revisions, and adopt the resolution. ALTERNATIVES: In addition to the Staff recommendation, the following alternative actions are available for the City Council’s consideration: 1. Identify revised language to add to the letter(s). 2. Do not authorize the Mayor to sign the letter(s). 3. Do not adopt the resolution in support of the Homelessness, Housing, and Retail Theft Act. 4. Take other action, as deemed appropriate. 7 30940 HAWTHORNE BLVD. / RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CA 90275-5391 / (310) 544-5207 / FAX (310) 544-5291 / WWW.RPVCA.GOV May 7, 2024 Via Email Chair Buffy Wicks California State Assembly Appropriations Committee 1021 O Street, Suite 8140 Sacramento, CA 95814 Subject: Notice of Support for Bill AB 2583 Honorable Chair Wicks, On behalf of the City Council and the residents of Rancho Palos Verdes, I am writing to express our support for AB 2583, aimed at enhancing safety within school zones by reducing the speed limit to 20 mph effective January 1, 2027. As stewards of our community's well-being, we firmly believe that this legislation is crucial for safeguarding the lives and welfare of our children while also advancing overall road safety. AB 2583's proposal to implement a lower speed limit during specified hours when schools are in session aligns with the City’s public safety priorities, ensuring a secure environment for students traveling to and from school. Extensive research consistently underscores the efficacy of reduced vehicle speeds in areas with high pedestrian activity, significantly diminishing the likelihood of accidents and mitigating the severity of injuries in the event of a collision. By establishing a 20 mph speed limit in school zones, motorists will benefit from increased reaction time to respond to unforeseen circumstances, such as children crossing the road or emerging from between parked vehicles. AB 2583 provides local authorities the flexibility to adjust the timing of the school zone speed limit to synchronize with school schedules. This adaptive approach ensures safety measures are finely tailored to meet the unique needs of Rancho Palos Verdes and neighboring communities. Empowering local leaders to enact measures that best serve the safety and welfare of our constituents is paramount to achieving our shared goal of creating a safe and thriving community. Additionally, the provision in AB 2583 mandating the identification and delineation of school walk zones within a half-mile radius of educational institutions ensures drivers and pedestrians alike are aware of the potential hazards and can adjust accordingly. Encouraging pedestrian travel to school not only promotes physical activity and reduces A-1 CITY OF JOHN CRU ll<SHAN I<, MAYOR ERIC A LEGR IA, MAYOR PRO T EM DAVID L. BRADLEY, COUNC ILMEMBER BARBARA FERRARO, COUNC ILMEMBER PAU L SEO, COUNC IL MEMBER i,;~ "'<> "' ~ RANCHO PALOS VERDES Chair Buffy Wicks May 7, 2024 Page 2 traffic congestion, but enhances pedestrian safety by establishing designated routes equipped with appropriate infrastructure and signage. In conclusion, we urge you to join us in advocating for the swift passage of AB 2583. By prioritizing the safety of our children and implementing measures to reduce vehicle speeds in school zones, we can cultivate safer, more resilient communities and prev ent tragic accidents. Thank you for your attention to this critical matter. Sincerely, John Cruikshank Mayor cc: Marc Berman, Assemblymember, 23rd Assembly District Greg Wallis, Assemblymember, 47th Assembly District Al Muratsuchi, Assemblymember, 66th Assembly District Ben Allen, Senator, 24th State Senate District Jeff Kiernan, Cal Cities Marcel Rodarte, California Contract Cities Association Sharon Gonsalves, Renne Public Policy Group Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and City Manager A-2 30940 HAWTHORNE BLVD. / RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CA 90275-5391 / (310) 544-5207 / FAX (310) 544-5291 / WWW.RPVCA.GOV May 7, 2024 Via Email Chair Buffy Wicks California State Assembly Appropriations Committee 1021 O Street, Suite 8140 Sacramento, CA 95814 Subject: Notice of Opposition to AB 1886 Honorable Chair Wicks, On behalf of the Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and its residents, I am writing to express our city's opposition to AB 1886, currently under consideration. While we recognize the importance of clarifying housing element compliance, we believe that this bill raises significant concerns that could impact local decision-making and community planning efforts. AB 1886 proposes to establish a presumption of validity for findings made by the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) regarding a local agency's housing element. While the intent may be to streamline processes and provide clarity, we have reservations about the consistency and objectivity of HCD's reviews. Granting such broad authority without adequate oversight could undermine the principles of local governance and diminish our ability to address the unique housing needs of our community. Furthermore, the bill seeks to redefine the criteria for determining compliance with the housing element law, particularly concerning the application of the builder ’s remedy provision. By tying compliance solely to HCD's findings, AB 1886 overlooks the importance of local context and community input in housing planning and development. It risks limiting our ability to make decisions that reflect the unique preferences and priorities of particular to Rancho Palos Verdes. We urge you to reconsider the provisions of AB 1886 and engage in a more comprehensive dialogue with local governments and stakeholders to address concerns and explore alternative approaches. It is essential to strike a balance between state oversight and local autonomy to effectively address housing challenges while preserving the character and integrity of our communities. B-1 CITY OF JOHN CRU ll<SHAN I<, MAYOR ERIC A LEGR IA, MAYOR PRO T EM DAVID L. BRADLEY, COUNC ILMEMBER BARBARA FERRARO, COUNC ILMEMBER PAU L SEO, COUNC IL MEMBER i,;~ "'<> "' ~ RANCHO PALOS VERDES Chair Buffy Wicks May 7, 2024 Page 2 Thank you for considering our perspective on this matter. We hope to collaborate with you to develop solutions that prioritize the interests of Rancho Palos Verdes and ensure a sustainable future for our City. Sincerely, John Cruikshank Mayor cc: George Alvarez, Assemblymember, 78th Assembly District Al Muratsuchi, Assemblymember, 66th Assembly District Ben Allen, Senator, 24th State Senate District Jeff Kiernan, Cal Cities Marcel Rodarte, California Contract Cities Association Sharon Gonsalves, Renne Public Policy Group Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and City Manager B-2 30940 HAWTHORNE BLVD. / RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CA 90275-5391 / (310) 544-5207 / FAX (310) 544-5291 / WWW.RPVCA.GOV May 7, 2024 Via Email Chair Buffy Wicks California State Assembly Appropriations Committee 1021 O Street, Suite 8140 Sacramento, CA 95814 Subject: Opposition to AB 1893: Housing Accountability Act (HAA) Honorable Chair Wicks, On behalf of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes and its residents, I am writing to express our strong opposition to Assembly Bill No. 1893 (AB 1893), which we believe poses significant risks to our community and fails to address the root causes of our state's housing challenges. Outlined below are the areas proposed in the revision that are of concern for Rancho Palos Verdes: Reduction of Lower Income Units: AB 1893 proposes to reduce the requirement for lower income units in mixed-income projects from 20% to 10%. This revision primarily benefits market developers seeking to lower their costs by providing fewer affordable units. It fails to prioritize the needs of lower-income individuals and families who are already struggling to find affordable housing in our community. Encouragement of Chaotic Development: The bill allows developers to circumvent local housing elements and build almost anywhere, exceeding local densities and avoiding local inclusionary policies. This undermines the authority of local governments and could lead to haphazard development patterns that erode local control and are not in line with our community plans and zoning regulations. Punitive Measures Against "Good Actor" Communities: AB 1886 unfairly penalizes communities that have complied with housing element requirements and exceeded their Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA). By stripping these communities of their discretion to deny projects that conflict with local plans and imposing arbitrary density penalties, the bill undermines the efforts of responsible jurisdictions like ours. Ineffectiveness in Resolving Builder's Remedy Disputes: The provisions of AB 1886 do little to address disputes over housing projects that fail to comply with local plans and C-1 CITY OF JOHN CRU ll<SHAN I<, MAYOR ERIC A LEGR IA, MAYOR PRO T EM DAVID L. BRADLEY, COUNC ILMEMBER BARBARA FERRARO, COUNC ILMEMBER PAU L SEO, COUNC IL MEMBER i,;~ "'<> "' ~ RANCHO PALOS VERDES Chair Buffy Wicks May 7, 2024 Page 2 zoning. Instead, the bill further weakens the position of local agencies and fails to provide a meaningful resolution process for conflicts between developers and communities. Ignoring Larger Issues Affecting Housing Challenges: AB 1893 hyper-focuses on state plan reviews without addressing broader issues such as declining housing production, rising construction costs, and scarce state funding for affordable housing initiatives. This narrow policy approach overlooks the systemic factors contributing to California's housing crisis. In conclusion, we urge you to reconsider AB 1893 and instead focus on comprehensive solutions that prioritize the needs of our community, promote equitable access to affordable housing, and address the underlying factors driving our state's housing challenges. Thank you for considering our concerns. Sincerely, John Cruikshank Mayor cc: Al Muratsuchi, Assemblymember, 66th Assembly District Ben Allen, Senator, 24th State Senate District Jeff Kiernan, Cal Cities Marcel Rodarte, California Contract Cities Association Sharon Gonsalves, Renne Public Policy Group Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and City Manager C-2 30940 HAWTHORNE BLVD. / RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CA 90275-5391 / (310) 544-5207 / FAX (310) 544-5291 / WWW.RPVCA.GOV May 7, 2024 Via Email Chair Buffy Wicks California State Assembly Appropriations Committee 1021 O Street, Suite 8140 Sacramento, CA 95814 Subject: Notice of Opposition to AB 1820 (unless amended) Honorable Chair Wicks, On behalf of the Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and its residents, I am writing to express our opposition to Assembly Bill No. 1820 (AB 1820) in its current form, and I urge you to consider amendments to address several key concerns. While the intent of AB 1820 to provide transparency in the fee estimation process for housing development projects is commendable, there are aspects of the bill that require careful reconsideration and adjustment. 1. Timeliness of Response: The requirement for local agencies to provide a preliminary fee estimate within 20 business days may not be feasible for all jurisdictions. The diverse nature of local governments necessitates a more flexible timeframe to ensure accurate and thoughtful responses. 2. Legal Liability: Similar to the provisions in AB 602 (Grayson), Chapter 347, Statutes of 2021, there should be safeguards in place to protect local governments from liability regarding the accuracy of fee information provided. Clarifying language should be included to ensure that agencies are not held accountable for changes made by other public entities without their knowledge. 3. Scope and Application: Further clarification is needed regarding the types of developments to which the bill applies. Additionally, consideration should be given to the inclusion of parkland or fee-in-lieu calculations, such as those governed by the Quimby Act, in the fee estimation process. 4. Flexibility and Adaptability: The final summation of fees and exactions provided to developers should be understood as estimates subject to adjustment based on actual project changes. Including language to underscore this point will ensure flexibility in the development process. Given these concerns, I urge you to consider the following amendments to AB 1820: D-1 CITY OF JOHN CRU ll<SHAN I<, MAYOR ERIC A LEGR IA, MAYOR PRO T EM DAVID L. BRADLEY, COUNC ILMEMBER BARBARA FERRARO, COUNC ILMEMBER PAU L SEO, COUNC IL MEMBER i,;~ "'<> "' ~ RANCHO PALOS VERDES Chair Buffy Wicks May 7, 2024 Page 2 • Extend the period for providing preliminary fee estimates to 30 business days. • Include language to clarify that preliminary fee estimates are non-binding and subject to change. • Ensure that local agencies are not held liable for inaccuracies in fee information provided. • Provide further clarification on the types of developments covered by the bill, including the treatment of parkland fees. • Emphasize the flexibility of final fee summations based on project changes. We join Cal Cities and other local agencies in requesting amendments to this bill which will increase transparency in the housing development process while addressing the practical realities faced by local governments. We trust that you will carefully weigh the implications of AB 1820 and its potential impact on housing development in California. Sincerely, John Cruikshank Mayor cc: Pilar Schiavo, Assemblymember, 40th Assembly District Timothy Grayson, Assemblymember, 15th Assembly District Alex Lee, Assemblymember, 24th Assembly District Al Muratsuchi, Assemblymember, 66th Assembly District Ben Allen, Senator, 24th State Senate District Jeff Kiernan, Cal Cities Marcel Rodarte, California Contract Cities Association Sharon Gonsalves, Renne Public Policy Group Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and City Manager D-2 30940 HAWTHORNE BLVD. / RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CA 90275-5391 / (310) 544-5207 / FAX (310) 544-5291 / WWW.RPVCA.GOV May 7, 2024 Via Email Chair Anna Caballero California State Senate Appropriations Committee 1021 O Street, Suite 7620 Sacramento, CA 95814 Subject: Notice of Opposition to SB 1037 Honorable Chair Caballero, On behalf of the Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and its residents, I am writing to express our City's opposition to Senate Bill No. 1037 (SB 1037), proposed by Senator Wiener. We are deeply concerned about the potential negative fiscal impacts this bill could have on our community and other local governments across the state. First and foremost, I want to highlight that Rancho Palos Verdes is united with the California Contract Cities Association in opposition to SB 1037. This bill, if enacted, would introduce significant changes to existing laws governing the enforcement of housing element compliance, particularly in relation to penalties imposed on local governments. While we recognize the importance of enforcing state housing laws to address California's housing crisis, SB 1037 introduces penalties that are disproportionate and could have severe consequences for local jurisdictions. The bill seeks to impose civil pena lties ranging from $10,000 to $50,000 per month on local governments found to be in violation of housing element laws. These penalties, accruing from the date of the violation until compliance is achieved, could pose an immense financial burden on cities and counties. Furthermore, SB 1037 fails to adequately consider the challenges faced by local governments, especially smaller municipalities, in navigating the complexities of housing laws and ensuring compliance. The California Contract Cities Association rightly point s out that many localities, including ours, may struggle to stay abreast of evolving state housing requirements and rely on support and guidance from the state to fulfill their obligations effectively. The proposed amendments to existing law outlined in SB 1037 do not provide sufficient safeguards for local jurisdictions acting in good faith to correct any unintentional violations or misunderstandings of the law. While we acknowledge the need for accountability, imposing harsh penalties without consideration for mitigating circumstances or genuine E-1 CITY OF JOHN CRU ll<SHAN I<, MAYOR ERIC A LEGR IA, MAYOR PRO T EM DAVID L. BRADLEY, COUNC ILMEMBER BARBARA FERRARO, COUNC ILMEMBER PAU L SEO, COUNC IL MEMBER i,;~ "'<> "' ~ RANCHO PALOS VERDES Chair Anna Caballero May 7, 2024 Page 2 efforts to comply could exacerbate existing challenges and deter productive cooperation between state and local entities. As Mayor of Rancho Palos Verdes, I urge you to reconsider SB 1037 and work toward solutions that promote collaboration and support between state and local governments in addressing the housing crisis. We remain committed to fulfilling our responsibilities under state law, but we also implore the Legislature to approach enforcement with fairness and understanding of the diverse circumstances faced by California's cities and counties. Thank you for considering our concerns regarding SB 1037. I am available to discuss this matter further and welcome the opportunity to engage in constructive dialogue on this important issue. Sincerely, John Cruikshank Mayor cc: Scott Wiener, Senator, 11 th State Senate District Ben Allen, Senator, 24th State Senate District Al Muratsuchi, Assemblymember, 66th Assembly District Jeff Kiernan, Cal Cities Marcel Rodarte, California Contract Cities Association Sharon Gonsalves, Renne Public Policy Group Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and City Manager E-2 30940 HAWTHORNE BLVD. / RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CA 90275-5391 / (310) 544-5207 / FAX (310) 544-5291 / WWW.RPVCA.GOV May 7, 2024 Via Email Chair Juan Carrillo California State Assembly Local Government Committee 1020 N Street, Suite 157 Sacramento, CA 95814 Subject: Notice of Support for AB 2715 Honorable Chair Carrillo, On behalf of the Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and its residents, I express strong support for Assembly Bill No. 2715 (AB 2715), amending Section 54957 of the Government Code. This bill is vital for safeguarding public facilities, essential services, and critical infrastructure, especially in addressing cybersecurity threats. AB 2715 grants local legislative bodies the flexibility needed to address security concerns while maintaining public transparency. Closed sessions, as proposed in the bill, are crucial for discussing matters posing significant threats to public safety and essential services. Of particular importance is the provision allowing closed sessions to address cybersecurity threats. In today's digital age, these risks are omnipresent and can have severe consequences for public infrastructure. Closed sessions empower legislative bodies to deliberate on sensitive cybersecurity matters confidentially, enabling informed decisions to mitigate risks effectively. The bill defines terms like "critical infrastructure controls" to ensure discussions remain focused on protecting public interests. This precision is essential to ensure closed sessions are used appropriately. The proactive approach of AB 2715 in addressing cybersecurity threats is commendable. By enacting this bill, California can enhance its resilience against cyber threats, protecting public facilities and services for all residents. This bill is a critical step toward strengthening community security and ensuring the continuity of essential public services. Thank you for your attention to this matter and for your commitment to serving Californians. F-1 CITY OF JOHN CRU ll<SHAN I<, MAYOR ERIC A LEGR IA, MAYOR PRO T EM DAVID L. BRADLEY, COUNC ILMEMBER BARBARA FERRARO, COUNC ILMEMBER PAU L SEO, COUNC IL MEMBER i,;~ "'<> "' ~ RANCHO PALOS VERDES Chair Juan Carillo May 7, 2024 Page 2 Sincerely, John Cruikshank Mayor cc: Tasha Boerner, Assemblymember, 77th Assembly District Al Muratsuchi, Assemblymember, 66th Assembly District Ben Allen, Senator, 24th State Senate District Jeff Kiernan, Cal Cities Marcel Rodarte, California Contract Cities Association Sharon Gonsalves, Renne Public Policy Group Rancho Palos Verdes City Council and City Manager F-2 RESOLUTION NO. 2024-__ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF RANCHO PALOS VERDES, CALIFORNIA, EXPRESSING SUPPORT FOR THE HOMELESSNESS, DRUG ADDICTION, AND THEFT REDUCTION ACT WHEREAS, Proposition 47 aimed to make California’s criminal justice system fairer, but unintended consequences have emerged over the past decade ; and WHEREAS, These unintended consequences include an increase in repeat and organized retail theft, closures of city stores, and challenges in encouraging individuals to seek drug and mental health treatment; and WHEREAS, Addressing these unintended consequences requires modest amendments to Proposition 47, which can only be achieved through voter support at the ballot box; and WHEREAS, Initiative 23-0017A1, the Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act, is currently gathering signatures to qualify for the 2024 November General Election; and WHEREAS, The Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act is a bipartisan initiative offering sensible, targeted reforms to Proposition 47 that legislative proposals alone cannot achieve; and WHEREAS, Rampant retail theft is negatively impacting businesses and residents in Rancho Palos Verdes, the Peninsula, and all of California, as perpetrators believe they can act with impunity; and WHEREAS, This measure will hold repeat offenders accountable, enhancing community safety by preventing their return to the streets; and WHEREAS, The fentanyl crisis has reached alarming levels, contributing to 20 percent of youth deaths in California; and WHEREAS, The Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act will classify fentanyl as a hard drug, impose accountability on individuals involved in G-1 Resolution No. 2024-__ Page 2 of 3 fentanyl trafficking, and provide judges with greater discretion in sentencing traffickers ; and WHEREAS, Addressing the cycle of repeat offenders necessitates tackling the underlying causes of retail theft; and WHEREAS, The Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act offers vital mental health services, drug treatment programs, and job training opportunities within our justice system for homeless individuals grappling with mental illness or substance abuse; and WHEREAS, Meaningful reforms to our justice system are imperative to ensure community safety. NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes, California, does hereby resolve as follows: Section 1. All of the above-stated recitals are true and correct and incorporated herein by reference. Section 2. The City Council hereby formally expresses support for the Homelessness, Drug Addiction, and Theft Reduction Act and recognizes its potential to enhance community safety. PASSED, APPROVED and ADOPTED this 7th day of May 2024. ___________________________ John Cruikshank, Mayor Attest: ___________________________ Teresa Takaoka, City Clerk State of California ) County of Los Angeles ) ss City of Rancho Palos Verdes ) G-2 Resolution No. 2024-__ Page 3 of 3 I, Teresa Takaoka, City Clerk of the City of Rancho Palos Verdes, hereby certify that the above Resolution No. 2024-__ was duly and regularly passed and adopted by the said City Council at a regular meeting thereof held on May 7, 2024. ____________________________ Teresa Takaoka, City Clerk G-3 1 April 3, 2024 To: Ara Mihranian, City Manager Shaunna Hunter, Administrative Analyst City of Rancho Palos Verdes From: Sharon Gonsalves Director of Government Affairs Renne Public Policy Group RE: AB 2023 (Quirk Silva) & AB 1886 (Alvarez) – Penalizing Local Agencies Over Housing Element Compliance Summary: AB 2023 and AB 1886 take slightly different approaches, but with the same objective: penalizing local agencies which elect to exercise their statutory rights, under subdivision (65585 (f)(1)&(2)i, to adopt housing elements that they believe substantially comply with the law despite HCD’s findings, and to insert prejudicial bias against local agencies in Court reviews. Note: AB 1886 (Alavarez) was amended on 04/01. Upon initial review we determined that these amendments simply clarify that the provision of this bill still apply to a local agency whether they have an approved housing element or not. Moreover, this side-by-side analysis and all RPPG comments are not intended to serve as legal advice. Please consult legal counsel on agency-specific legal implications. Existing Law AB 2023 (As Amended 03/21) AB 1886 (As Introduced) RPPG Comments Establishes a comprehensive process under the supervision of a Court to address questions of whether a housing element substantially complies with the law. Under this process, local agencies that are deemed by a Court to not be in compliance must change the Creates a legal “presumption of invalidity” for either of following: a) In any action to challenge the validity of a housing element, where the Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) finds, pursuant to Section 65585 ii, that the housing element or amendment to the housing element does not States that in any legal proceedings, that HCD’s findings pursuant to subdivision “65585(h)” (its final review) and its initial review under 65585(b), shall create a rebuttable presumption of validity as to whether the adopted element or amendment complies with the article. Both AB 2023 and AB 1886 are attempting to bias a Court review of a local agency’s element. It is challenging to find any precedents the American legal system to the “presumption of invalidity,” which is akin to a (presumption of guilt). Such an approach raises concerns concerning the basic due process rights for public agencies. Moreover, if approved, such an approach may lead to troubling precedents in other areas of law that directly impact local agency governance and autonomy. Existing law already has a comprehensive dispute resolution process, adopted by the Legislature in 2019, that offers both accountability and neutral due process. K-1 2 element to address the Court’s concerns, or be subject to extensive fines and penalties. In instances, however, where a Court deems a local agency’s element in compliance, HCD must accept that determination. Statute has also long provided a “presumption of validity” to a housing element that HCD deems in substantial compliance with the law. substantially comply with the requirements of this article iii. b) In any legal action challenging a local government action or failure to act, when HCD has determined that the action or failure to act by a local agency does not comply with: (a) Its adopted housing element, or (b) Its obligations to identify adequate sites pursuant to Section 65583. iv Moreover, Courts do not consider HCD infallible: In the recent 5th Appellate Court decision, Martinez v Clovis, the Court held that an HCD determination of substantial compliance was in error: “…given the language of section 65583.2(h), the HCD’s approval of the RHN Overlay was clearly erroneous.” Nor do Court’s cede their authority to HCD on matters of interpreting compliance with the law: In Martinez, the Court reiterated its supremacy to interpret matter of legal compliance: “…the HCD’s informal interpretation of statutory requirements is not binding on us. (Fonseca,supra, 148 Cal.App.4th at p. 1193.) Thus, any deference that might be due the HCD’s interpretation is overcome by the plain meaning of section 65583.2(h)’s text.(See Kaanaana v. Barrett Business Services, Inc.(2021) 11 Cal.5th 158, 178 [“ultimate responsibility for statutory interpretation rests with the courts”];” https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court- of-appeal/2023/f082914.html If HCD finds that the local revision or draft amendment does not substantially comply with the law, then the local agency must take one of the following actions: i. Change the draft revision or amendment to substantially comply with the law (as determined by HCD’s findings). Local agencies that adopt housing Proposes new penalties under the Housing Accountability Act (HAA), to any local agency that exercises its valid statutory option self-certify a housing element in accordance Section 65585 (f)(2), by: 1) Declaring that a housing element is only considered in substantial compliance if is either deemed compliant by This provision in AB 1886 is intended to immediately expose a local agency to penalties and sanctions before any Court determination of non-compliance. In other words, the local agency is considered “guilty,” and subject to penalties before, during, and until the completion of any Court review. This is much different than existing law, which would require the Attorney General, HCD, or another litigant to challenge the validity of the local agency’s element. Prohibiting local agencies from denying or conditioning projects under Sec. 65589(d) of the HAA, appears intended to bolster legal strategies surrounding the use of the “builder’s remedy,” and force local agencies to approve projects that don’t comply with the general plan or zoning for the entire time K-2 3 elements where HCD has determined that the element “substantially complies” with the law, are provided a legal “presumption of validity” under Section 65589.3 for their housing element in any future legal challenges of the housing element.1 ii. Adopt the draft element or amendment without changes, and include local findings which explain the reasons that the local agency believes that the draft revision of amendment to the housing element substantially complies with the law despite the findings of the department. Following either of the above actions, the local HCD, or by a Court. 2) Prohibiting a local agency (under 65589.5(d) of the HAA) denying or conditioning the approval of low or moderate income housing development or emergency shelter, including for non- compliance with local zoning.v) 3) Prohibiting local agencies from imposing “objective” conditions on housing development projects and emergency shelters, if their housing element is not deemed (by a Court or HCD) to be in compliance. 4) Prohibiting agencies that do not have an element in compliance on the date the preliminary or complete application was submitted, from conditioning or denying projects a local agency may be waiting for its day in Court. Today, locals have some potential legal protections from the builder’s remedy claims, when they self-certify their elements under 65585(f)(2), because it can require a Court ruling to establish that their element does not substantially comply with the law. This bill seeks to remove that safety net, and immediately penalize local agencies. It is unclear what policy goals are furthered when a local agency is prohibited from being able to impose “objective” conditions on housing development. Clarification as to rationale of this should be requested. This provision also appears related to builder’s remedy issues by attempting to clarify that locals do not have any authority to deny or condition projects under the HAA (when they lack HCD or Court-certified elements) from the date that the preliminary application or complete application was submitted. K-3 4 agency must promptly submit a copy to HCD. Within 60 days, HCD must review the final actions of the local agency and report its findings to the local agency. under 65589.5(d). After receiving HCD’s findings on their draft element, local agencies are authorized to adopt the final version of their housing element in one of two ways: 1) “Change the draft element or draft amendment to substantially comply with this article.” 65585(f)(1). 2) “Adopt the draft element or amendment without changes. The legislative body shall include in its resolution of adoption written findings that explain the reasons the legislative body believes that the draft element or Requires any “change” made to an adopted housing element under Sec. 65585(f)(1), must be completed in accordance with the existing 90+ day process for local agencies to submit drafts and receive findings from HCD. The language states that this provision does not constitute a change, but is declaratory of existing law. This change appears intended to preclude any future “plain reading” by a Court of the language in Sec. 65585(f)(1), which provides that a local agency may “change” the element/amendment to “substantially comply with this article.” The concern here seems to be to remove any potential local agency discretion, by looping them back into the 90-day process for submitting and receiving comments on draft element/amendments from HCD. This statutory change would likely preclude a local agency from attempting to use this provision to adopt an element which varied with HCD’s findings on its draft element, because from a timing standpoint they would more likely run afoul of the statutory deadline to adopt their housing element, and thus be exposed to other penalties and sanctions both in existing law and these bills. The effect of this provision seems to be to force local agencies to adopt any element/amendment “without changes” under Sec. 65585(f)(2). In other words, the choices being presented are “all or nothing” either: 1) Completely agree to every finding by HCD, or restart a 90-day submittal process, or 2) Do not adopt any of HCD’s findings, and make local findings why they all K-4 5 amendment substantially complies with this article despite the findings of the department.” are disagreed with, while being exposed to penalties and sanctions. The goal here appears to be to limit reasonable levels of disagreement between local agencies and HCD, because in most cases a local agency may only differ with HCD on several items, not all of them. Requires, under Sec. 65585(g), the planning agency to “promptly” submit a copy of an adopted element or amendment to HCD Provides that that any change to a draft element or amendment in accordance with Sec. 65585((f)(1), shall be completed in accordance with the 90-day process described above. The language states that this does not constitute a change, but is declaratory of existing law. vi This provision appears to be an effort to preclude local agencies from adopting and submitting elements/amendments to HCD under Sec. 65585(f)(1), that vary with HCD’s comments on the draft document. Under existing law, a housing element deemed in substantial compliance by HCD receives a “presumption of validity” against future legal challenges. When a local agency elects to self-certify its element under Section 65585(f)(2), it does not receive the presumption of validity, if challenged, and there is an established Provides that a housing element that is deemed in substantial compliance shall remain so until the end of the planning cycle, or either HCD or a Court determine the housing element is no longer in substantial compliance. This provision in AB 1886, can appear as simply reflecting the focus of the bill in re- defining substantial compliance. The wording of this section, however, presents some concerns for local agencies which obtain certification by a Court. The bill says that this certification remains in effect until HCD or a Court, determines that it no longer complies. For Court-certified elements, this language potentially exposes local agencies to a future determination by HCD of invalidity, and to the HAA and other penalties proposed by these bills. Since the reason for Court-certification likely involved a prior disagreement with HCD, it may be concerning to public agencies to potentially allow HCD discretion to unilaterally unravel a Court-certified element, without first receiving approval by the Court. K-5 6 process in law for the AG or HCD to challenge in Court. Existing law (Sec. 65583(c )(1) (A) requires sites for all income categories to be rezoned within three years, from earlier of the following two dates: • Within three years of the earlier of either the date the housing element is adopted pursuant to subdivision 65585(f), or 90 days after receiving comments from HCD on its draft element.vii • Within one year of the statutory deadline (in 65588) for local agencies that fail to adopt an element that HCD has deemed in substantial compliance within 120 days of the statutory deadline in Section 65588. Provides that the (three/one-year) process described existing law shall continue to be applied for the adopting of the sixth revision of the housing element. Provides, however, for the seventh, and all subsequent revisions of the housing element that all rezoning must occur within one year (instead of three years) of the (65588) statutory deadline unless a local agency does all of the following: 1) Submit its draft element to HCD for review at least 90 days prior to the applicable statutory deadline (in Sec. 65588) to adopt a housing element. 2) Receive findings from HCD that the draft element substantially complies with the law, on or before the applicable deadline in Sec. 65588. 3) Adopt a draft element or draft amendment that HCD has found to The differences proposed in this bill between the sixth and seventh cycles appear to be this: 1) In the sixth cycle, a local agency has to adopt an element HCD has determined to be in substantial compliance within 120 days of the Sec. 65588 statutory deadline. 2) In the seventh and subsequent cycles, to avoid being subject to the one-year rezoning requirement, the local agency must comply with more rigorous timing and other criteria: A) Comply with the 90-day statutory deadline to submit an element or amendment to HCD. (If it misses that deadline and submits say within 85 days of the deadline, then they are subject to the one-year rezoning standard, even if they are otherwise compliant.) B) Receive HCD approval of their element prior to the statutory deadline in Sec. 65588. (If a delay is caused for any reason, locals become subject to the one-year rezoning standard. C) Adopt “the draft element or amendment” that HCD found to substantially comply with the article within 120 days of the statutory deadline in Section 65588. Locals must only adopt the draft element or amendment that HCD found in compliance. This means that there is no room for disagreement, and even if local agency elements are certified by a Court, they are not exempt from the one-year rezoning requirement. The above changes appear to be designed to increase the pressure on local agencies from deviating from HCD’s timelines and approval. K-6 7 substantially comply with the law no later than 120 days after the statutory deadline in Sec. 65588. Existing law established by AB 1398 (Bloom), Ch. 358 of 2021, requires local agencies that failed to adopt a housing element that HCD deemed in substantial compliance within 120 days of the statutory deadline to rezone (within one year, instead of three years) for by-right approval projects designating at least 20 percent of units for lower income households on either: A) non-vacant sites that were included in a prior housing element, and designated for (but not approved to develop) lower income units, or B) vacant sites that were included in two or more consecutive housing Deletes reference to the three-year rezoning period, and cross-references to “the applicable deadline for rezoning” as modified for this bill for the sixth and seventh and subsequent elements (as described above). This change appears to be conforming with the bill’s other provisions. K-7 8 elements, and designated for (but not approved to develop) lower income units. Additional RPPG Comments i. Presumption of Invalidity Undermines Due Process Rights: Attempting to assign a “presumption of invalidity” to a legal review of a local agency’s housing element, is contrary to basic principles of legal due process. A housing element remains a local law, adopted under the police power of a local agency. Courts must remain neutral forums, and local agencies should not be subject to prejudicial bias and penalties and sanctions before entering the courthouse. Under such a legal construct, those accused of crimes would be presumed guilty. This consideration should be strongly considered proposal should be rejected as a violation of basic due process rights for affected local agencies, and for the troubling precedents it may invite. Housing element law has become incredibly complex. Communities face unique local circumstances and challenges, and often have to spend heavily on consultants attempting to understand and interpret the law. Reasonable people can differ when attempting to interpret this complex statute. HCD’s plan reviewers have expertise and opinions, but they are not empowered to unilaterally dictate the contents of local laws. The legal question is whether a local housing element, a locally adopted law, substantially complies with the wording in statute. State plan reviewers are not judges, and just because they disagree with a local agency over whether a housing element complies with the law, does not mean that a local agency must then surrender its governmental role, discretion, and authority to a state administrative department. Determining compliance with the law is appropriately the function of Courts who are designed to be the neutral “check and balance” of the Legislature and Executive Branch. ii. Not Appropriate to Apply Penalties and Sanctions Prior to Legal Determination: Existing law already details a comprehensive process (agreed to by the Newsom Administration in 2019 and described below in comment v.) for addressing questions over the legality of a housing element when a local agency adopts an element at variance with HCD’s findings. Under these measures, however, the following sanctions would immediately apply to a local agency prior to a legal vetting of the issue: a. Under AB 2023: i. A local agency’s element would be presumed invalid. ii. The local agency would be subject to the one-year (instead of three) rezoning requirement if the element is not adopted in accordance with HCD’s process and timelines. (No accommodation is made to this provision if a Court later certifies the element) b. Under AB 1886, the following sanctions would immediately apply to a local agency for a window period, between the date the element was adopted that HCD disagreed with, until the date that either HCD or a Court determines the element is in substantial compliance with the law.viii The immediate penalties include: K-8 9 i. Loss of local ability to condition or deny housing developments, under the Housing Accountability Act, including for the “Builder’s Remedy” issue of non- compliance with local zoning. Even if a Court later certifies the element locals would still be unable to condition or deny projects where a preliminary or complete application was submitted during the window period. ii. Loss of ability to impose “objective” conditions on affected projects. iii. 5th Appellate Court Confirms in Martinez HCD Can Get It Wrong: The details of the recent Martinez v Clovis, 5th District Court of Appeal (2023),ix are instructive in several ways on the policy issues raised by these bills: a. Martinez involves an instance where HCD found a housing element in substantial compliance with the law, then the Court disagreed. A local housing advocacy group challenged the HCD-approved element and the Court held that HCD was wrong on interpreting the statute, …”HCD’s approval of the RHN Overlay was clearly erroneous.” b. To the argument that the statutory “presumption of validity” should apply because HCD approved it, the Court quickly dispensed with this stating…” the HCD’s informal interpretation of statutory requirements is not binding on us.” c. To the issue of where the ultimate authority lies to interpret compliance with the law, the Court cited precedence that: …“ultimate responsibility for statutory interpretation rests with the courts.” iv. Significant Sanctions and Remedies Already Exist: Many sanctions and remedies already exist affecting non-compliant housing elements. These include: i. Locals must complete rezoning within one year. (65583(c)(1)(A) ii. Housing element cannot be certified after one year until zoning is complete. (65588(e)(4)(C)(iii)) iii. Locals exposed to “builder’s remedy.” (65589.5(d)) iv. Locals lose access to various state grants. v. Locals can be sued by the AG, and court can levy heavy fines and other sanctions to compel compliance (65585) vi. General plans can be challenged for internal inconsistency. (65754) v. Existing Comprehensive Housing Element Dispute Resolution Process: Section 65585 already contains a comprehensive dispute resolution process to address instances where a local government and state plan reviewers are in disagreement over whether a housing element complies with the law. This process was adopted in 2019 during the second year of Governor Newsom’s administration.x This process both ensures accountability for local agencies which violate the law, while also providing important due process before a Court for local agencies with bonified disputes over questions of compliance. Retaining neutral due process for local agencies is critical given that HCD plan reviewers may insert personal bias and subjective judgement into their determinations, and may also be influenced by external parties HCD may consult with (but is not required to publicly disclose) while reviewing a local agency’s element. HCD plan reviewers are program staffers with various levels of education and experience; they are not independent judges. Disputes over compliance of a housing element can occur in either of the following two circumstances: (A) when the local agency adopts an updated revision or amendment to its K-9 10 housing element, or (B) when HCD believes that a local action or failure to act by a local agency to implement its adopted housing element has occurred. Here is a summary of the process: a. At least 90 days before revising a housing element, and 60 days prior to amending an element, local agency must send a draft to HCD. b. HCD shall review the draft and report its written findings as to whether the draft “substantially complies” with the law within 90 days of receipt of a draft revision, and within 60 days of receipt of a draft amendment. c. If HCD finds that the local revision or draft amendment does not substantially comply with the law, then the local agency must take one of the following actions: i. Change the draft revision or amendment to substantially comply with the law (as determined by HCD’s findings). Local agencies that adopt housing elements where HCD has determined that the element “substantially complies” with the law, are provided a legal “presumption of validity” funder Section 65589.3 for their housing element in any future legal challenges of the housing element.xi ii. Adopt the draft element or amendment without changes and include local findings which explain the reasons that the local agency believes that the draft revision of amendment to the housing element substantially complies with the law despite the findings of the department. d. Following the above actions, the local agency must promptly submit a copy to HCD. e. Within 60 days, HCD must review the final actions of the local agency and report its findings to the local agency. f. During the term of an adopted housing element, HCD may review local actions to implement an adopted housing element and determine that a local action or failure to act is inconsistent with its adopted housing element, including the failure to implement any program actions within the local agency’s element. In these instances, HCD shall: i. Issues written findings to the local agency on whether the local agency’s action, or failure to act, substantially complies with the law. ii. The local agency is required to respond to HCD’s findings within 30 days. iii. Following the response by the local agency, if HCD finds that the local agency’s action or failure to act does not substantially comply with this law, HCD may revoke its earlier findings that a local agency’s housing element substantially complies with the law. g. HCD may notify the office of Attorney General when it finds that either: (A) a local housing element or amendment, or (B) a local action or failure to act to implement a housing element, fails to substantially comply with the law. h. Prior to the Attorney General filing a lawsuit over housing element compliance, HCD is required to offer a local agency two meetings either in person or by telephone to discuss the alleged violation. i. In actions filed by the Attorney General relating to housing element compliance, the Attorney General may request, if the Court determines that the element does not substantially comply with the law, that the Court issue an order or judgement directing the local agency to bring its housing element into compliance. The Court is also required to retain jurisdiction to ensure its order is carried out. In addition to any other remedies, the Court is empowered by statute to apply significant penalties against a local agency in violation of a Court’s order: i. A status conference shall be called by the Court following 12 months from the Court’s order. Upon a determination by the Court that the local agency failed to follow its order compelling substantial compliance with the law, the Court shall K-10 11 fine the local agency between $10,000 to $100,000 per month until the local agency complies. In the event the local agency fails to pay the fines, the Controller is authorized to intercept any available state or local funds. ii. If the local agency has not complied with the Court’s order within three months of the status conference, the Court may multiply the fine by a factor of three. iii. If the local agency has not complied with the Court’s order within six months of the status conference, the Court may multiply the original fine by a factor of six, and appoint an agent of the Court to take all governmental action necessary to bring the local agency into compliance. iv. The Court is authorized to take various mitigating circumstances into account when considering applying the above fines, including whether the local jurisdiction is facing substantial hardships and/or making a good-faith effort to comply with the Court’s order. v. HCD is authorized to appoint or contract with other counsel to bring suit under the above provisions when the Attorney General declines to represent HCD in such actions. vi. A three-year statute of limitations applies for the Attorney General, or other appointed counsel acting on HCD’s behalf, following the referral of the matter to the Attorney General. j. If the Court, however, determines that the local agency’s housing element substantially complies with the law, it shall have the same force and effect of elements determined in compliance by HCD.xii i Under existing law (Sec. 65585 (f)(1) & (2)), local agencies are required to take one of the following actions: (1) Change the draft element/amendment to substantially comply with this article (65585(f)(1), or (2) Adopt the draft/element without changes, and include findings stating the reasons the legislative body believes the element substantially complies with the law despite HCD’s findings. ii Sec. 65585 apples to the process for HCD’s review and determination of whether a local housing element substantially complies with the law. iii Both the existing statute and this bill reference failure to comply with this “article.” The word “law” is substituted for “article” in this analysis to simplify the explanation. iv Sec. 65583 applies to the local obligation to assess local housing needs based on multiple factors, analyze governmental and nongovernmental constraints, identify sufficient “adequate sites” to meet its assigned Regional Housing Needs Assessment (RHNA) allocation, develop “quantified objectives” which establish anticipated housing production levels based upon local conditions and available affordable housing resources, adopt a “schedule of actions” the local agency will complete during the planning period. https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV§ionNum=65583. 1) v unless it makes findings based on the preponderance of evidence that: a. It has adopted a housing element in substantial compliance with the article, and the jurisdiction has met or exceeded its RHNA allocation for the income category…etc. b. Project would have a “specific, adverse impact” on the public health or safety c. Denial of the project is required to comply with a specific state or federal law. d. Project is on land surrounded by ag/conservation land on two sides, or lack adequate water or wastewater to serve project. e. Project is inconsistent with both General Plan’s land use designation and Zoning ordinance, and jurisdiction has a housing element in in substantial compliance on the date application deemed complete. This provision can’t be used by a local agency to deny: i. low/mod projects that are identified in the housing element as suitable, and the consistent with density specified in the element. ii. If the local agency has failed to identify adequate sites in its housing element, then housing developments may not be denied on sites designated for residential or commercial uses (where residential uses are conditionally permitted). K-11 12 iii. If local agency has failed to identify zones where emergency shelters can be built by right. vi Section 65585(h) is a stand-alone subdivision that requires local planning agencies to “promptly” submit a copy of the local agency’s element or amendment to HCD. HCD then has 60 days, under Sec. 65585(h), to opine on the final adopted housing element and report its findings to the local agency. With AB 2023’s changes, however, the local agency: 1) Would be prohibited from interpreting 65585(h) as a stand-alone option for the local agency to adopt its final element and amendment and send it promptly to HCD for its 60 day review. 2) Would be required to make its findings under either: a. Subdivision 65585 (f)(1), which as now amended by AB 2023 would require a redo of the entire 90-day housing element submission process if any “change” from the draft element/amendment is made. By forcing local agencies to adopt findings The changes made by AB 2023, essentially render any flexibility for local agencies moot. b. Subdivision 65585 (f)(2), unchanged by AB 2023, which authorizes the draft element/amendment to be adopted without changes, and include findings stating the reasons the legislative body believes the element substantially complies with the law despite HCD’s findings. vii 90-day process to submit elements and receive HCD’s comments under 65585(b). viii Under existing law, the HAA provisions refer to “substantial compliance with this article.” This language provides a level of legal defense for a local agency which adopts an element that HCD disagrees with. A local agency can assert that its element is in substantial compliance with the law, until it is challenged in a Court by the AG, HCD or another party. With AB 1886, however, by defining “substantial compliance,” as only occurring when an element is approved by HCD or a Court, it seeks to remove any legal defense in the window period between the date of adoption and a Court determination. ix https://law.justia.com/cases/california/court-of-appeal/2023/f082914.html x These housing element dispute resolution provisions were contained in two budget trailer bills: AB 101, Ch. 159, statutes of 2019, and SB 113, Ch. 668, Statutes of 2019. xi This “presumption of validity” has been a long-standing feature of the statute. xii Local Government staff in the Assembly Speaker’s office, as well as the Office of the Senate President Pro Tem, participated in the discussions and negotiations involving the development of the changes adopted in 2019. K-12